Where Are Americans Moving?
Track interstate migration flows across all 50 states. See which states are gaining residents, which are losing them, and the income profiles of movers.
Net Migration by State
All 50 States by Net Migration
| # | State | Inbound | Outbound | Net Flow▼ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Texas | 540.6K | 455.2K | +85.4K | $92K | $57K |
| 2 | North Carolina | 171.9K | 89.5K | +82.4K | $91K | $58K |
| 3 | South Carolina | 88.5K | 20.3K | +68.2K | $34K | $71K |
| 4 | Florida | 614.2K | 550.9K | +63.3K | $91K | $32K |
| 5 | Tennessee | 85.6K | 37.1K | +48.5K | $51K | $73K |
| 6 | Arizona | 234.7K | 199.7K | +34.9K | $103K | $11K |
| 7 | Alabama | 58.3K | 32.3K | +26.1K | $15K | $68K |
| 8 | Georgia | 131.9K | 106.5K | +25.4K | $84K | $59K |
| 9 | Nevada | 158.8K | 141.9K | +16.9K | $104K | $3K |
| 10 | Idaho | 112.1K | 95.8K | +16.3K | $102K | $5K |
| 11 | Oklahoma | 68.4K | 54.4K | +14.1K | $83K | $8K |
| 12 | Arkansas | 31.0K | 17.5K | +13.5K | $29K | $64K |
| 13 | Missouri | 33.2K | 20.8K | +12.4K | $57K | $73K |
| 14 | Delaware | 11.9K | 3.8K | +8.2K | $68K | $92K |
| 15 | Kentucky | 35.3K | 28.1K | +7.2K | $27K | $69K |
| 16 | Wisconsin | 42.4K | 35.9K | +6.5K | $89K | $21K |
| 17 | Montana | 10.3K | 4.9K | +5.4K | $89K | $39K |
| 18 | Maine | 9.8K | 4.5K | +5.3K | $88K | $61K |
| 19 | Colorado | 177.1K | 171.8K | +5.3K | $96K | $23K |
| 20 | Virginia | 77.7K | 72.6K | +5.2K | $88K | $100K |
| 21 | New Hampshire | 38.6K | 33.7K | +4.9K | $106K | $13K |
| 22 | West Virginia | 15.5K | 10.9K | +4.6K | $50K | $62K |
| 23 | Indiana | 71.9K | 67.7K | +4.1K | $86K | $11K |
| 24 | Utah | 20.8K | 17.7K | +3.1K | $40K | $100K |
| 25 | Washington | 171.8K | 169.4K | +2.3K | $104K | $28K |
| 26 | South Dakota | 9.8K | 7.7K | +2.1K | $88K | $22K |
| 27 | Wyoming | 10.0K | 9.1K | +876 | $87K | $12K |
| 28 | North Dakota | 10.3K | 10.6K | -314 | $89K | $13K |
| 29 | Iowa | 13.5K | 13.8K | -319 | $87K | $66K |
| 30 | Rhode Island | 8.5K | 8.8K | -329 | $89K | $61K |
| 31 | Vermont | 9.7K | 10.3K | -518 | $88K | $12K |
| 32 | Minnesota | 29.4K | 30.6K | -1.1K | $54K | $99K |
| 33 | Oregon | 130.2K | 131.4K | -1.3K | $105K | $20K |
| 34 | New Mexico | 11.6K | 13.1K | -1.5K | $78K | $66K |
| 35 | Nebraska | 10.4K | 12.0K | -1.6K | $88K | $44K |
| 36 | Ohio | 79.0K | 81.4K | -2.4K | $14K | $73K |
| 37 | Alaska | 10.0K | 13.7K | -3.7K | $88K | $26K |
| 38 | Kansas | 21.9K | 26.6K | -4.7K | $81K | $37K |
| 39 | Mississippi | 10.3K | 15.3K | -5.0K | $86K | $60K |
| 40 | Connecticut | 92.0K | 98.1K | -6.2K | $98K | $19K |
| 41 | Michigan | 59.9K | 67.9K | -8.0K | $13K | $79K |
| 42 | Hawaii | 9.7K | 19.0K | -9.3K | $89K | $74K |
| 43 | Pennsylvania | 134.1K | 145.7K | -11.7K | $102K | $48K |
| 44 | Louisiana | 15.7K | 33.1K | -17.4K | $61K | $64K |
| 45 | Maryland | 30.5K | 49.0K | -18.5K | $34K | $113K |
| 46 | Massachusetts | 41.8K | 69.1K | -27.3K | $33K | $117K |
| 47 | New Jersey | 123.9K | 159.2K | -35.3K | $88K | $112K |
| 48 | Illinois | 185.1K | 241.6K | -56.5K | $5K | $90K |
| 49 | New York | 390.6K | 511.9K | -121.3K | $12K | $94K |
| 50 | California | 836.8K | 1.1M | -237.7K | $9K | $106K |
Methodology
Migration flow data is derived from IRS Statistics of Income (SOI) county-to-county migration files, which track year-over-year changes in tax return filing addresses. County-level flows are aggregated to state-to-state pairs. "Returns" approximate household counts (each tax return typically represents one household). Average Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) reflects the income profile of interstate movers. Net flow represents the difference between inbound and outbound households.
Frequently Asked Questions
What data sources are used for migration flows?
Migration flow data is derived from IRS Statistics of Income (SOI) county-to-county migration data, aggregated to state-to-state pairs. The data tracks tax return filings to measure household movements between states.
What does net flow mean?
Net flow is the difference between households moving into a state (inbound) and households leaving (outbound). A positive net flow means more people are moving in than out.
What is Average AGI?
Average Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) represents the average income of people migrating. Comparing inbound vs outbound AGI reveals whether a state is attracting higher or lower earners.