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States ranked
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Cities scored
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11
Scoring categories
America’s Dashboard

America's Dashboard ranks and scores all 50 US states and1,312 cities using real government data. Compare economy, safety, health, education, affordability, and more — free, transparent, and updated with the latest federal statistics.

Updated as each source publishes its latest release

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Data sources

Rankings are computed from publicly available federal and state government datasets, supplemented by a handful of published indexes (such as the Tax Foundation, Child Care Aware of America and Zillow Research). Figures are used as each source publishes them, including the FBI's own state crime estimates; nothing is synthetic or modeled by us, and every source is cited below.

  • Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS annual averages·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year·
  • FBI Crime Data Explorer, estimated crimes by state·
  • CDC NCHS U.S. State Life Tables·
  • CDC BRFSS·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS (table S2701)·
  • NAEP, The Nation's Report Card·
  • EDFacts adjusted cohort graduation rate (NCES)·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates·
  • Cook Political Report, PVI·
  • Tax Foundation, Facts & Figures·
  • ALEC Rich States Poor States·
  • WalletHub Tax Burden Study·
  • Zillow Research, Zillow Home Value Index·
  • BEA Regional Price Parities·
  • EPA AirData, Median AQI by County·
  • EIA State Electricity Profiles·
  • FEMA National Risk Index·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, Net Domestic Migration·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS Broadband Subscriptions·
  • National Park Service API·
  • USGS Protected Areas Database (PAD-US)·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year Commuting·
  • FHWA Highway Statistics·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns·
  • EIA residential electricity prices·
  • EIA State Energy Data System, motor gasoline prices·
  • EIA Natural Gas Prices, residential·
  • Child Care Aware of America, Price & Supply·
  • Tax Foundation, State Income Tax Rates and Brackets·
  • BEA Regional Price Parities, goods·
  • NCES Common Core of Data (CCD)·
  • EDFacts ACGR Graduation Rates·
  • NCES School District Finance Survey (F-33)·
  • BEA GDP by State (SAGDP9)·
  • NASBO Fiscal Survey of States·
  • Census Bureau State Government Finances·
  • Pew Charitable Trusts Fiscal 50·
  • Pew Charitable Trusts, State Pension Funding·
  • S&P/Moody's via Ballotpedia·
  • Bureau of Labor Statistics, OES·
  • IRS Statistics of Income, State-to-State Migration·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS State-to-State Migration Flows·
  • Zillow Research, Home Values, Rents & Market Metrics·
  • FBI Crime Data Explorer, city police agency reports·
  • CDC PLACES, city health estimates·
  • NOAA U.S. Climate Normals·
  • EPA National Walkability Index
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Home/States/Wisconsin

2026 edition·Midwest·Pop. 5,972,787·Capital Madison·30th state, admitted 1848·Cook PVI Even

Is Wisconsin a Good Place to Live? Wisconsin Rankings, Cost of Living, Crime & Taxes

Wisconsin ranks #11 of 50 with a composite score of 70.6 and a B+ grade, strongest in education (#4) and weakest in growth (#26). The median household earns $77,488 (4% below the national median), homes typically cost $339,699 (8% below the national average), and violent crime is 240 per 100,000 (27% below the national average).

Editor's verdict
Wisconsin suits people who will pay a little for a state that runs well; newcomers who assume a bargain get a surprise, a typical home up +5.1% in a year against +1.2% nationally. The tradeoff is property tax of 1.59% against 1.02% nationally, part of how the state keeps its pensions funded at 100%.
Compare Wisconsin with its neighbors →Best cities in Wisconsin →How the score works →
Composite score
70.6B+
#11 of 50 · #4 in the Midwest
Top 10 in
Education #4, Safety #8
Middle of the pack
Economy #13, Health #18, Fiscal Health #18, Livability #18, Transportation #22, Affordability #25, Outdoor Access #25, Growth #26, Environment #26
NumbersNumbersScorecardScoresCostCostTaxesTaxesSafetySafetyJobsJobsSchools & healthSchoolsMovingMovingCitiesCitiesBest forBest forNeighborsNeighborsFAQFAQ
Top ↑

Wisconsin by the numbers

Six measures every state is judged on, each with Wisconsin's rank of 50 and the national figure beside it.

Median household income
$77,488
#28 of 50, 1 = highest · US $80,903
Typical home value
$339,699
#25 of 50, 1 = cheapest · US $368,697
Cost of living index
94.1
#20 of 50, 1 = cheapest · US 100
Violent crime per 100K
240
#18 of 50, 1 = safest · US 328
Unemployment rate
3.2%
#8 of 50, 1 = lowest · US 3.95%
Total tax burden
8.31%
#19 of 50, 1 = lowest · US 8.74%

Sources, latest releases: Census Bureau ACS (income), Zillow Research (home value), BEA Regional Price Parities (cost index), FBI state crime estimates (crime), BLS LAUS (unemployment), WalletHub tax burden study (taxes). Rank 1 is the best value in each measure: highest income, lowest cost, lowest crime.

→Read the Wisconsin overview

Wisconsin scores above the national average in 9 of 11 categories and ranks #4 of 12 states in the Midwest, behind 3 regional neighbors. Its biggest edge over the country is violent crime rate (240, 27% below the national average); its biggest shortfall is median household income ($77,488, 4% below the national median). With 2 top-10 finishes and no bottom-10 category, its weaknesses are relative, not absolute.

What stands out
  • Property tax runs 1.59% against 1.02% nationally while sales tax sits at 5.72%, one of the lowest combined rates in the country.
  • The state pension system is 100% funded, #2 in the country, a rare thing that never shows up on a moving checklist.
  • Home values climbed +5.1% in a year, #5 fastest nationally, driven by Madison and the Milwaukee suburbs rather than the north.

Where does Wisconsin rank in each category?

All 11 categories that make up the composite, heaviest weight first. Wisconsin is top 10 in 2 and bottom 10 in 0.

CategoryScoreRankGradeWeightUS avgThe numbers behind it
Economy54.8#13 of 50B+15%47.1Its unemployment rate is 3.2% and median household income is $77,488.
Safety81.6#8 of 50A12%68.9The FBI estimates 240.3 violent crimes and 1,016.7 property crimes per 100,000 residents.
Health60.5#18 of 50B+12%54.4Life expectancy is 78.1 years, 37.4% of adults have obesity, and 5.3% of residents are uninsured.
Education76.5#4 of 50A+12%57.5Eighth graders average 283 in NAEP math and 260 in reading, and the high school graduation rate is 90.3%.
Affordability69.8#25 of 50B10%65.2Typical home value $339,699 (4.4x median income); cost of living index 94.1 (100 = US); center-based infant care $18,604 a year.
Fiscal Health63.6#18 of 50B+8%58.1It carries $2,860 of debt per resident, has 100% of pensions funded, and holds a AA credit rating.
Growth40.0#26 of 50B7%38.8Population grew 0.26% last year; Census net domestic migration is +1.2 per 1,000 residents (the Moving section below uses IRS household counts, a different series).
Transportation52.3#22 of 50B7%49.8The average commute is 22.7 minutes, 1.4% of workers use public transit, and 11.8% work from home.
Livability35.9#18 of 50B+7%34.3It has 1.713 restaurants and 0.026 arts venues per 1,000 residents, plus 0.459 bars and 0.065 social associations per 1,000.
Outdoor Access23.9#25 of 50B6%29.45.8% of its land is public, with 3.55 recreation facilities per 10,000 residents.
Environment40.6#26 of 50B4%42.5Its median air quality index is 37, 13% of its electricity is renewable, and its FEMA disaster risk score is 25.4.

Weight, US average and the evidence sentence for each category are shown on wider screens.

Grades follow rank, not score: A+ for ranks 1–5, A for 6–10, B+ for 11–18, B for 19–26, C+ for 27–34, C for 35–42, D for 43–48, F for 49–50. US avg is the mean score of the 50 states. Click a category for its 50-state ranking.

Category shape

Wisconsin's 11 category scores. A balanced state fills the wheel evenly; Wisconsin bulges toward education and dips at growth.

How expensive is Wisconsin?

Wisconsin's cost of living index is 94.1 against a national baseline of 100, 6% below the national average and #20 of 50 (1 = cheapest). The typical home is worth $339,699 (8% below the national average); buying it takes an income of about $95,433, $17,945 more than the median household earns. Inside the state the spread is wide: among tracked cities, Fond du Lac is cheapest (index 91.6) and Kenosha priciest (101.1).

Housing market snapshot · August

Warm market
Typical home value
$339,699
+5.1% in 1 yr · +31.1% in 5 yr · national $369K
Mortgage payment
$1,748/mo
P&I, 20% down, current rates
Income needed
$95K
median earns $77K (+23%)
Rent, Milwaukee
$1,563/mo
renting cheaper by $438 vs. a $2,001 metro payment
Price cuts · days
20% · 41
national 26% · 53 days

Ranked #26 of 50 most expensive by typical value and #30 on price relative to income (1 = most affordable). The median household is $17,945 short of the income needed to buy the typical home.

Full Wisconsin housing market: 26-year chart, rent vs. buy, cities →

What a household keeps at $75,000

HouseholdWisconsinMedian stateRank
Family of fourTwo adults, two kids, one in daycare−$20,997−$11,758#32 of 50
Single adultOne-bedroom rent, no childcare+$30,650+$31,418#26 of 50
Retiree coupleOwn the home, no payroll tax+$35,155+$35,970#26 of 50

Take-home pay minus housing, childcare, utilities, groceries and transport for a $75,000 household, from the affordability engine. Positive = money left over; negative = costs exceed take-home. Rank 1 = most left over.

Electricity price
18.16¢/kWh
#36 of 50 · US 17.84¢/kWh
Natural gas price
$10.74/Mcf
#8 of 50 · US $15.83/Mcf
Gasoline price
$3.28/gal
#30 of 50 · US $3.32/gal
Price level for goods
94.3
#8 of 50 · US 100
Center-based infant care, per year
$18,604
#36 of 50 · US $15,633
Editor's note

Wisconsin costs less than the national average, 6% below the national average on the index, but thinner than Illinois arrivals expect. Madison and the Waukesha County suburbs price near the national typical; Wausau, Oshkosh and Sheboygan sell for roughly half that. The line newcomers skip is the furnace: winter runs November into April up north, and cheap natural gas ($10.74 per thousand cubic feet, #8 cheapest) burns for five months. A family of four earning $75,000 comes out at a $20,997 shortfall after costs in the typical metro, against a $11,758 shortfall in the median state.

  • Run your own budget for Wisconsin →
  • Wisconsin housing market →
  • Housing rankings →

What are taxes like in Wisconsin?

Wisconsin's tax mix is high income tax, high property tax, low sales tax. The total state and local tax burden comes to 8.31% of income, 0.4 points below the national average (#19 of 50, 1 = lightest). Property tax is 1.59% of home value (#43), and combined sales tax averages 5.72% (#9).

Total tax burden
8.31%
#19 of 50 · US 8.74%
Top income tax rate
7.65%
#40 of 50 · US avg 5.46%
Effective property tax
1.59%
#43 of 50 · US 1.02%
Combined sales tax
5.72%
#9 of 50 · US 6.66%

Tax Foundation (rates) and WalletHub tax burden study (burden as a share of income), latest releases. Rank 1 = lowest. Income tax is the top marginal rate including typical local taxes where they apply.

Can the state pay its bills?

Credit rating
AA
S&P / Moody's
Rainy-day fund
8.2%
of spending · #36 of 50
Pensions funded
100%
of obligations · #2 of 50
Debt per resident
$2,860
state debt · #25 of 50

Fiscal health scores 63.6 out of 100, #18 of 50. Pew Fiscal 50, Census state finances and the rating agencies, latest releases.

Editor's note

Wisconsin leans on income and property taxes and goes easy on sales tax. A retiree does well: Social Security is not taxed, and the sales tax of 5.72% is among the lowest anywhere. A high earner does worse, with a top income rate of 7.65% against 5.46% nationally. A homeowner sits in between, paying 1.59% on the house each year, though lottery and school levy credits trim the December bill. Total burden lands at 8.31%, 0.4 points below the national average: the state charges owners and earners, not shoppers.

  • Fiscal health rankings →
  • Best states for retirees →

Is Wisconsin safe?

Wisconsin reports 240 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, 27% below the national average and #18 of 50 (1 = safest). Property crime runs 1,017 per 100,000, 34% below the national average (#5 of 50). The safety score is 81.6 out of 100, #8 of 50; among tracked cities, New Berlin has the lowest violent crime rate.

Wisconsin vs. the United States, per 100,000 residents

Violent crime#18 of 50
WI
240
US
328
Property crime#5 of 50
WI
1,017
US
1,535

FBI state crime estimates, latest release. US is the mean of the 50 states; blue = below it, terracotta = above it. Florida and North Dakota use the FBI's prior-year estimate because their latest year is based on limited data.

Safest tracked cities in Wisconsin

CityPopulationViolent / 100KProperty / 100K
Waukesha71,233115917
Janesville66,0301221,569
Eau Claire70,3221681,792
West Allis59,6121831,713
Appleton75,023189958

Lowest violent crime among the 20 Wisconsin cities we track with 50,000 or more residents. City rates come from each city's police agency and are not strictly comparable across agencies.

Editor's note

Statewide violent crime sits at 240 per hundred thousand, 27% below the national average, and the gap between that and the suburbs is Milwaukee. The city carries a rate several times the state figure while New Berlin, ten miles west, is among the lowest tracked. Madison, Green Bay and Kenosha sit near average. For a mover, the county line matters more: Waukesha, Ozaukee and Washington counties read like a different state.

  • Safety rankings →
  • Best states for families →

What is the job market like in Wisconsin?

Wisconsin's unemployment rate is 3.2%, 0.8 points below the national average and #8 of 50 (1 = lowest), and the median household earns $77,488, 4% below the national median. Real GDP grew +1.6% in the latest year (#32 of 50) and GDP per capita is $59,815, 7% below the national average. The population is growing 0.26% a year, 0.3 points below the national average. The economy score is 54.8 out of 100, #13 of 50.

Median household income
$77,488
#28 of 50 · US $80,903
Unemployment rate
3.2%
#8 of 50 · US 3.95%
GDP per capita
$59,815
#30 of 50 · US $64,333
Real GDP growth
+1.6%
#32 of 50 · US +1.91%
Population growth
+0.26%
#36 of 50 · US +0.51%

Census Bureau ACS (income), BLS LAUS (unemployment), BEA (GDP), Census population estimates (growth), latest releases.

Highest-paying tracked occupations in Wisconsin, adjusted for cost of living

OccupationCost-adjustedMedian wageMetro
Family Medicine Physicians$235,570$219,080Madison
Lawyers$159,830$148,642Milwaukee-Waukesha
Software Developers$143,200$133,176Milwaukee-Waukesha
Computer Systems Analysts$112,575$104,695Madison
General & Operations Managers$108,261$100,683Madison

BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release, for the 20 occupations we track. Cost-adjusted wage divides the metro median by its cost of living index.

Editor's note

Wisconsin makes things: paper in the Fox Valley, engines and controls in Milwaukee, cheese across the western dairy counties, and hospital software in Verona outside Madison. Manufacturing's job share is among the highest, so unemployment of 3.2% rides below the national 3.95% but incomes only reach $77,488, 4% below the national median. The best-paid work is in Madison, where family medicine physicians earn $219,080 beside state government and the university. Rural counties run on the farm, the school and the hospital, and lose young workers to the Twin Cities.

  • Economy rankings →
  • Wages by occupation and metro →

How are Wisconsin's schools and healthcare?

Wisconsin's education score is 76.5 out of 100, #4 of 50. Eighth graders average 283 in NAEP math (#2 of 50) and 260 in reading (#13 of 50), and the high school graduation rate is 90.3%, 4.7 points above the national average (#3 of 50).

Education score
76.5
#4 of 50 · US 57.5
Graduation rate
90.3%
#3 of 50 · US 85.6%
NAEP math, grade 8
283
#2 of 50 · US 273 · grade 4: 239
NAEP reading, grade 8
260
#13 of 50 · US 257 · grade 4: 215

Best public school cities we track, by graduation rate

CityGrad rateStudents / teacherPer pupil
Brookfield98%16$13,987
Menomonee Falls97.1%15.7$13,024
Greenfield95.3%13.6$13,250

NCES Common Core of Data and School District Finance Survey, latest release. Cities with at least three schools.

Editor's note

Wisconsin graduates 90.3% of its high schoolers, #3, and education ranks #4, but the state figure averages a wide spread. Brookfield and the other Waukesha County suburbs post rates near the top of the tracked list, while Milwaukee Public Schools sits far below the state average. Milwaukee also runs the country's oldest voucher program, and open enrollment lets students cross district lines statewide.

  • Education rankings →

Wisconsin is #18 of 50 for health, with a life expectancy of 78.1 years, 1.2 years above the national average. 37.4% of adults have obesity (#41 of 50) and 5.3% of residents have no health insurance (#10 of 50). The health score is 60.5 out of 100, weighted 12% of the composite.

Health score
60.5
#18 of 50 · US 54.4
Life expectancy
78.1 years
#16 of 50 · US 76.9 years
Adults with obesity
37.4%
#41 of 50 · US 34%
Uninsured
5.3%
#10 of 50 · US 7.6%

CDC National Center for Health Statistics (state life tables), CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (obesity), and Census Bureau American Community Survey (health insurance), latest releases.

Editor's note

Life expectancy is 78.1 years, 1.2 years above the national average, and the state sits at #18 for health, held back by adult obesity of 37.4%. Wisconsin drinks more than almost any state. Access is good in the southeast and around Madison; up north, a specialist can mean a two-hour drive. For an older mover, settle within reach of a regional hospital, which up north means Wausau, Eau Claire or Marshfield.

  • Health rankings →

Who is moving to Wisconsin, and who is leaving?

Wisconsin's flows are close to even: 56,675 households moved in and 56,159 moved out in the latest IRS release, a net of +516, or +0.1 per 1,000 residents (#25 of 50), too small to call a direction. Arriving households report an average income of $72,373 against $74,386 for those leaving. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, which counts people rather than households, shows a net +9.7K people (116.1K in, 106.4K out, ±11.3K), consistent with the IRS direction.

Households moving in
56,675
top origin Illinois
Households moving out
56,159
top destination Minnesota
Net per 1,000 residents
+0.1
#25 of 50 · +516 households
Avg income, arrivals
$72,373
leavers $74,386 · leavers earn more

Where they come from

  1. 1Illinois11,331 · $80,752
  2. 2Minnesota8,003 · $78,834
  3. 3Florida3,779 · $77,862
  4. 4California3,143 · $77,694
  5. 5Texas2,985 · $66,333

Households and their average income. Click a state to compare it head to head; households arrived from these states in the latest IRS release.

Where they go

  1. 1Minnesota8,321 · $60,446
  2. 2Illinois8,111 · $67,312
  3. 3Florida5,044 · $123,995
  4. 4Texas3,710 · $74,632
  5. 5California2,645 · $82,582

Households and their average income. Click a state to compare it head to head; households left for these states in the latest IRS release.

Editor's note

Wisconsin trades households almost one for one: 56,675 arrive and 56,159 leave, a net of +516. Illinois sends the most, Chicago-area families heading to Kenosha and the Milwaukee suburbs, consistent with lower home prices and a smaller tax bill. The biggest destination is Minnesota, mostly western counties feeding the Twin Cities. Arrivals report $72,373 and leavers $74,386, roughly even. The Florida-bound are the richest leavers, consistent with retirees cashing out.

  • All Wisconsin migration flows →
  • State-by-state migration →

Where should you live in Wisconsin?

By composite score, the best of the 20 Wisconsin cities we track are Brookfield (71.8), Menomonee Falls (68.6), and Wauwatosa (68.3). Fond du Lac is the cheapest (cost index 91.6), Brookfield the richest ($129,548), and Menomonee Falls the fastest growing (+1.8% a year). City ranks are among the 20 Wisconsin cities we cover, not every city in the state.

Standout cities in Wisconsin

Best forCityMeasure
SafestNew Berlin47 violent crimes per 100K
CheapestFond du Laccost of living index 91.6
Most walkableWest Alliswalkability 14.6 of 20
Cleanest airWausaumedian AQI 36 (county)
Best schoolsBrookfield98% graduation rate
RichestBrookfield$129,548

Among the 20 Wisconsin cities we track. Safest uses a full year of FBI reports from the city's own police agency; air quality is measured by county, so cities in the same county share a reading.

Editor's note

Regions of Wisconsin

Milwaukee, the WOW counties and the lakeshore south to Kenosha

The job center and the sharpest divide: the city carries most of Wisconsin's crime, the Waukesha, Ozaukee and Washington suburbs its highest incomes, and Kenosha and Racine face Chicago.

MilwaukeeWauwatosaWest AllisGreenfieldBrookfieldNew BerlinMenomonee FallsWaukeshaKenoshaRacine
Madison and the Dane County ring

Government, the university and hospital software keep it growing faster and pricing higher than anywhere else in the state; bike lanes, lakes, and a housing market that outruns local wages.

MadisonJanesville
Fox Valley and Lake Winnebago

Paper mills, manufacturing and the Packers; modest homes, short commutes, and a job market that has never needed Milwaukee to get by.

Green BayAppletonOshkoshFond du LacSheboygan
Western Wisconsin and the Twin Cities orbit

River towns and dairy country where St Paul is the nearest big city; Eau Claire and La Crosse are the regional hubs, and the northwest corner commutes into Minnesota.

Eau ClaireLa Crosse
Central Wisconsin and the Northwoods

Wausau is the last real city before the lakes and forest begin; a seasonal economy, thin broadband, long winters, and the place the rest of the state goes on vacation.

Wausau

All 20 tracked cities, best to worst

#CityGradeScorePopulationIncomeViolent / 100KCost index
1Brookfield
A+
71.841,273$129,5486396.9
2Menomonee Falls
A+
68.639,539$100,2389096.9
3Wauwatosa
A+
68.348,529$101,13817896.9
4New Berlin
A
66.140,270$101,0914796.9
5Madison
A
65.7278,001$78,05021497.3
6Waukesha
A
64.571,233$83,83711596.9
7Appleton
A
63.075,023$80,48318992.4
8Greenfield
B+
62.837,345$70,45910596.9
9West Allis
B+
62.059,612$67,61118396.9
10Wausau
B+
61.839,996$64,38925892.7
11Janesville
B+
61.666,030$73,44612293.7
12Eau Claire
B+
60.870,322$67,39516892.8
13Oshkosh
B+
60.466,729$62,18825792.9
14Sheboygan
B
58.349,645$62,92737894
15La Crosse
B
57.251,356$55,86642891.8
16Kenosha
B
56.999,372$71,239324101.1
17Green Bay
B
56.8106,253$66,20645093.1
18Fond du Lac
B
56.544,494$62,26040391.6
19Racine
C+
53.277,633$57,74041896
20Milwaukee
D
45.0566,973$54,2341,14596.9

Swipe the table sideways for more columns. Rank is among the 20 Wisconsin cities we track: every city of 50,000 or more, plus the state's other largest places. City scores use city-level Census, FBI, BLS, CDC, EPA and NCES data, and a category with no city data is left out of the score rather than filled with the state's figure.

Best cities in Wisconsin for…

#CityScoreEducationSafetyAffordability
1Brookfield72.667.597.058.0
2Wauwatosa71.066.778.867.8
3Menomonee Falls70.665.597.568.1
4Waukesha69.461.192.971.5
5New Berlin69.261.999.266.8
All Wisconsin cities for families →Best states for families →
  • All 1,312 cities →

Who is Wisconsin best for?

The same 11 category scores, re-weighted for six kinds of household. Rank is among the 50 states; click through for the best Wisconsin cities for each.

Families
#4of 50
Best Wisconsin cities →
Retirees
#13of 50
Best Wisconsin cities →
Remote Workers
#12of 50
Best Wisconsin cities →
Young Professionals
#12of 50
Best Wisconsin cities →
Small Business
#11of 50
Best Wisconsin cities →
Outdoor Enthusiasts
#22of 50
Best Wisconsin cities →
Wisconsin fits
  • Retirees with a paid-off house and Social Security income: benefits are untaxed, and a retiree couple at $75,000 comes out at a $35,155 surplus in the typical metro.
  • Skilled trades and manufacturing workers: unemployment is 3.2%, and the Fox Valley and Milwaukee still hire on the shop floor.
  • Chicago-area families priced out of the suburbs: Illinois sends more households than any other state, most of them to Kenosha and the Milwaukee suburbs.
Wisconsin does not fit
  • High earners without a family reason to be here: the top income rate is 7.65%, and there is no low-tax corner of the state to move to.
  • Remote workers who want to live up north: 92.3% of households have a broadband subscription, #32 of 50, and the north trails.
  • Anyone who counts on transit: 1.4% of commuters use it, and outside Madison and Milwaukee there is nothing to use.

Weights differ by household: families lean on education, safety and housing; retirees on fiscal health, healthcare and cost. See the weights →

How does Wisconsin compare with its neighbors?

Wisconsin ranks #11. Among its bordering states, Minnesota ranks highest (#12) and Michigan lowest (#45). Minnesota is the most similar on the composite score and Michigan the most different. Bordering states are listed best to worst; the national line is the mean of the 50 states.

StateOverallScoreMedian incomeTypical homeCost indexViolent crimeTax burdenCompare
Wisconsin#1170.6$77,488$339,69994.12408.31%
Minnesota#1270.4$87,117$350,75298.62249.72%Compare →
Iowa#1469.2$75,501$239,54787.82349.23%Compare →
Illinois#3947.6$83,211$297,57310025110.22%Compare →
Michigan#4542.7$72,389$266,29296.24168.25%Compare →
United States—57.9$80,903$368,6971003288.74%

Overall rank, median income, cost index and tax burden columns are shown on wider screens.

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Other Midwest states
  • South Dakota#3
  • North Dakota#5
  • Nebraska#10
  • Indiana#22
  • Kansas#27
  • Ohio#33
  • Missouri#34
Editor's note

The Wisconsin vs Minnesota question depends on which side of the St Croix you sleep on. Hudson and River Falls are Twin Cities suburbs with Wisconsin taxes, and the two states no longer have income tax reciprocity, so cross-border commuters file two returns. On the southern line, Illinois residents cross for cheaper houses and gas.

  • Compare Wisconsin with any state →

How the score works

Eleven categories, each scored 0–100 and weighted into one composite. Grades follow rank.

The weights

Economy 15% · Safety 12% · Health 12% · Education 12% · Affordability 10% · Fiscal Health 8% · Growth 7% · Transportation 7% · Livability 7% · Outdoor Access 6% · Environment 4%. The composite is the weighted sum, stretched linearly so states spread across most of the 0–100 range.

From raw numbers to scores

Every raw measure is placed on a 0–100 scale between a fixed floor and ceiling, inverted where lower is better (crime, cost, taxes), then combined within its category. The same scale applies to every state.

Letter grades

Grades follow rank, not score: A+ for ranks 1–5, A for 6–10, B+ for 11–18, B for 19–26, C+ for 27–34, C for 35–42, D for 43–48, F for 49–50. A C+ state is not failing; it is in the middle third.

Cities, budgets and neighbors

The 20 Wisconsin city scores, the household budgets and the neighbor table on this page are computed from the same sources as the state score. City ranks are among the cities we track, not all cities in the state.

Editor's notes

Passages marked as editor's notes are written for this state and add context the numbers cannot: regions, tradeoffs, who the state fits. Every figure inside them is pulled from the data at build time, so the words cannot drift from the numbers.

Always the latest release

Each source is the most recent release its agency has published. The page is rebuilt when a source updates, so the score can move without any change in the state itself.

What the score cannot tell you

Weather and climate, culture and pace, politics beyond the Cook index shown for context, the quality of a specific school, hospital or neighborhood, job prospects in your field, and anything without a public, comparable, 50-state source. Statewide averages also hide the metro-versus-rural split, which is why the editor's notes name places.

Category briefs

Economy: Unemployment rate and median household income. Safety: Violent and property crime rates per 100,000 residents. Health: Health outcomes, behaviors, and access to care. Education: K-12 school quality, test scores, and graduation rates. Full methodology →

Key takeaways

What the Wisconsin numbers say when read together.

  1. 01

    Education is Wisconsin's strongest suit

    Wisconsin is a #11 state overall but #4 of 50 for education, 7 places better than its composite rank, with a score of 76.5 against a national average of 57.5. Safety (#8) is next. Education carries 12% of the composite.

  2. 02

    Growth is where Wisconsin falls furthest behind

    Wisconsin ranks #26 of 50 for growth, 15 places below its overall #11, with a score of 40 against a national average of 38.8. At 7% of the composite, it is the category holding the overall score down most.

  3. 03

    Violent crime rate is 27% below the national average

    Wisconsin's violent crime rate is 240, 27% below the national average of 328, #18 of 50 (1 = safest). The largest gap in the other direction is median household income: $77,488, 4% below the national median. Source: FBI estimates, latest release.

  4. 04

    Migration is a wash

    Net +516 households on 112,834 moves is too small a margin to call a direction; Wisconsin ranks #25 of 50 on net flow per 1,000 residents. The households arriving report $2,013 less in average income than those leaving ($72,373 against $74,386), so the state is trading down on income even as the headcount grows. The largest source is Illinois; the largest destination is Minnesota.

  5. 05

    A middle income is squeezed harder here than in most states

    A family of four earning $75,000 ends the year at a $20,997 shortfall after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transport and taxes, against a $11,758 shortfall in the median state (#32 of 50). A single adult on the same income comes out at a $30,650 surplus; a retiree couple at a $35,155 surplus. Infant childcare runs $18,604 a year, 19% above the national average.

  6. 06

    Wisconsin outranks every bordering state

    None of Wisconsin's 4 bordering states ranks above its #11; the closest match on the composite is Minnesota. Median income among them runs from $72,389 in Michigan to $87,117 in Minnesota; Wisconsin is at $77,488.

Editor's note

The tradeoff

+Sales tax of 5.72% and untaxed Social Security make everyday spending cheap for a retiree.

−Property tax of 1.59% on the house takes much of that back each December.

+Unemployment of 3.2% and a manufacturing base mean steady work without a degree.

−Median income of $77,488 trails the national figure, and the Twin Cities pay more for the same job.

+Home values rose +5.1% in a year, so an owner builds equity quickly.

−Only 92.3% of households have a broadband subscription, #32 of 50, and rural gaps are wide.

Frequently asked questions about living in Wisconsin

Is Wisconsin a good place to live?

Wisconsin ranks #11 of 50 with a B+ grade, #4 of 12 in the Midwest. It is top 10 in education and safety. On the six headline measures it beats the national figure on 5 of 6 (home prices, cost of living, violent crime, unemployment, and tax burden) and trails on income. Whether that adds up to a good place to live depends on what you weigh; the household rankings below re-weight the same numbers for families, retirees and remote workers.

Where does Wisconsin rank among US states?

Wisconsin ranks #11 of 50 overall with a composite score of 70.6 (grade B+), and #4 of 12 states in the Midwest. Its best category rank is #4 (education) and its worst #26 (growth). The composite weights eleven categories, with economy, safety, health and education counting most; grades follow rank, so B+ means rank 11–18.

Is it expensive to live in Wisconsin?

At #20 of 50 for cost of living (1 = cheapest), Wisconsin is 6% below the national average: its index is 94.1 against a national baseline of 100. The typical home value is $339,699 (8% below the national average), and buying it takes an income of about $95,433 against a median household income of $77,488. At $75,000, a family of four comes out at a $20,997 shortfall after all costs, #32 of 50 (1 = most left over).

Does Wisconsin have a state income tax?

Yes. Wisconsin's top state income tax rate is 7.65% (#40 of 50, 1 = lowest), and the total state and local tax burden is 8.31% of income, 0.4 points below the national average. Property tax is 1.59% of home value and combined sales tax 5.72%.

What is the crime rate in Wisconsin?

Wisconsin reports 240 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, 27% below the national average and #18 of 50 (1 = safest), and 1,017 property crimes per 100,000, 34% below the national average (#5). Its safety score is 81.6 out of 100, #8 of 50. Figures are FBI estimates from the latest release.

Does Wisconsin have good schools?

Wisconsin is #4 of 50 for education (score 76.5 out of 100). Its public school students average 283 in eighth-grade math on NAEP (#2) and 260 in eighth-grade reading (#13), and the high school graduation rate is 90.3%, 4.7 points above the national average (#3). Among tracked cities with at least three schools, Brookfield has the highest graduation rate at 98%.

Is Wisconsin gaining or losing people?

Neither, to any meaningful degree: Wisconsin netted +516 households in the latest IRS release on 56,675 arrivals and 56,159 departures, +0.1 per 1,000 residents (#25 of 50), a flow too small to call a direction. The largest source of arrivals is Illinois (11,331 households) and the most common destination is Minnesota (8,321). Arriving households report an average income of $72,373 against $74,386 for those leaving, so movers out earn more than movers in. The IRS files count tax returns and say nothing about motives.

Is Wisconsin a red or blue state?

Wisconsin is an even split on the Cook Partisan Voting Index. The political lean is shown for context and is not part of the composite score.

What is the weather like in Wisconsin year-round?

Cold, from Thanksgiving to Easter, with the lake making it worse along Milwaukee and Green Bay and the Northwoods running colder still. Summers are short, warm and humid, and the state treats them like a holiday. Kenosha gets Chicago's winters, Superior gets Duluth's. Budget for a snowblower, a second set of tires and five months of furnace, and know school rarely closes for snow.

Is Wisconsin tax-friendly for retirees?

Mostly yes for a retiree on Social Security and a modest pension, less so with a large taxable portfolio. Social Security is exempt from state income tax, and residents past the age thresholds can subtract a slice of other retirement income, under income limits. The catch is property tax at 1.59%, which does not care that you retired. Wisconsin ranks #13 for retirees.

Do I need a car in Wisconsin?

Yes, everywhere except central Madison. Only 1.4% of commuters use transit, Milwaukee runs buses and a short streetcar, and the average commute is 22.7 minutes, so driving is painless most of the year. The exception is winter: you will want good snow tires, and rural county roads get plowed after the state highways. One car per adult is the working assumption outside the two big cities.

Is Wisconsin a good place to raise a family?

Depends heavily on the district. The state ranks #4 for families and graduates 90.3% of students, and the Waukesha County suburbs, Madison's ring and the Fox Valley are as good as the Midwest gets for schools and safety. Infant childcare at $18,604 a year is the real surprise, 19% above the national average. Families in Milwaukee proper sort themselves by voucher, charter and neighborhood school, which takes homework.

Is Wisconsin cheaper than Minnesota?

On paper, yes: Wisconsin's cost index of 94.1 sits under Minnesota's, and the total tax burden is lower. Rent in Milwaukee runs $1,563, well under the Twin Cities. In practice Minnesota pays higher wages, so a professional often comes out ahead across the river. For a retiree or a remote worker paid at national rates, Wisconsin's side keeps more.

All the numbers

Every metric behind Wisconsin's 11 category scores, with the national figure beside each. Pick a category.

Median Household Income
$77,488
Census ACS · Nat'l avg: $80,903
Unemployment Rate
3.2%
BLS LAUS · Nat'l avg: 3.9%
Population Growth
+0.26%
Census, year over year · Nat'l avg: +0.5%
54.8Economy Score · National avg: 47.1
Violent Crime Rate
240.3
per 100K · FBI estimate · Nat'l avg: 313
Property Crime Rate
1,016.7
per 100K · FBI estimate · Nat'l avg: 1,475
81.6Safety Score · National avg: 68.9
Life Expectancy
78.1 yr
CDC NCHS · Nat'l avg: 76.9 yr
Adults With Obesity
37.4%
CDC BRFSS · Nat'l avg: 34%
Uninsured
5.3%
Census ACS · Nat'l avg: 7.6%
60.5Health Score · National avg: 54.4
HS Graduation Rate
90.3%
EDFacts · Nat'l avg: 85.6%
NAEP Math, 8th Grade
283
Nation's Report Card · Nat'l avg: 273
NAEP Reading, 8th Grade
260
Nation's Report Card · Nat'l avg: 257
76.5Education Score · National avg: 57.5
GDP Per Capita
$59,815
BEA · Nat'l avg: $64,333
GDP Growth Rate
+1.6%
Real, year over year · Nat'l avg: +1.9%
Credit Rating
AA
S&P / Moody's, latest
Fiscal Score
63.6
of 100 · Nat'l avg: 58.1
Budget Balance
+5.8%
Surplus · % of revenue · NASBO
State Debt Per Capita
$2,860
Census state finances · Nat'l avg: $3,506
Rainy Day Fund
8.2%
of expenditures · Pew Fiscal 50
Pension Funded Ratio
100%
Pew · Nat'l avg: 74.3%
Tax Burden
8.31%
of income · Nat'l avg: 8.74%
Income Tax Rate
7.65%
Top rate, state + local
Property Tax Rate
1.59%
Effective rate · Nat'l avg: 1.02%
Sales Tax Rate
5.72%
State + local avg · Nat'l avg: 6.66%
63.6Fiscal Health Score · National avg: 58.1
Typical Home Value
$339,699
Latest month · Nat'l avg: $383,360
Cost of Living Index
94.1
BEA Regional Price Parity · National = 100
Price-to-Income Ratio
4.4x
Home value ÷ median income · Nat'l avg: 4.6x
Electricity
18.16¢/kWh
EIA
Natural Gas
$10.74/Mcf
EIA
Gasoline
$3.28/gal
EIA
Infant Care (Center)
$18,604/yr
Child Care Aware of America
Goods Prices
94.3
BEA price level for goods · US = 100
69.8Affordability Score · National avg: 65.2
Air Quality Index
37
EPA annual median · Nat'l avg: 38.8
Renewable Energy
13%
EIA, % of electricity · Nat'l avg: 29%
Natural Disaster Risk
25.4
FEMA NRI per capita · Nat'l avg: 30
40.6Environment Score · National avg: 42.5
Public Land
5.8%
of state area · USGS PAD-US
Recreation Facilities
3.55
per 10K residents · Census CBP
Park Acreage per Capita
0.01
NPS acres per resident
23.9Outdoor Access Score · National avg: 29.4
Mean Commute Time
22.7 min
Mean travel time to work · Census ACS
60+ Min Commute
5.1%
of workers · Census ACS
Drive Alone
75.1%
of commuters · Census ACS
Public Transit Use
1.4%
of commuters · Census ACS
Walk / Bicycle
3.0%
active commuters · Census ACS
Work From Home
11.8%
of workers · Census ACS
Vehicle Miles Traveled
11,621
per capita · FHWA
Carpool Rate
7.6%
of commuters · Census ACS
52.3Transportation Score · National avg: 49.8
Restaurants per 1K
1.713
Census County Business Patterns
Arts & Entertainment
0.026
per 1K residents · Census CBP
Social Associations
0.065
per 1K residents · Census CBP
Bars & Breweries
0.459
per 1K residents · Census CBP
35.9Livability Score · National avg: 34.3
Net Domestic Migration
+1.2
per 1,000 residents · Nat'l avg: +1.1
Migration Trend
Gaining
More people moving in than out
Broadband Subscription
92.3%
Households, any type · Census ACS · Nat'l avg: 92.7%
Households Moving In
56.7K
Top origin: Illinois
Households Moving Out
56.2K
Top destination: Minnesota
40.0Growth Score · National avg: 38.8

Also consulted for the Wisconsin editor's notes

  • Wisconsin Department of Revenue, Individual Income Tax: Retired Persons ↗