California vs Hawaii: Which Is Better to Live In?
California ranks #47 of 50 overall and Hawaii #17 as of the latest release. They cost about the same to live in (cost of living index 110.7 vs 110); California has a 2.9-point lower tax burden and has a 53% higher violent crime rate. Hawaii scores higher overall, leading 7 of 11 categories to 3.
- Violent crime rate is 53% lower in Hawaii (205 vs. 433 in California).
- Total tax burden is 21% lower in California (11% vs. 13.92% in Hawaii).
- Residential electricity price is 20% lower in California (32.54¢/kWh vs. 40.59¢/kWh in Hawaii).
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall scorecomposite of 100, rank of 50Gap -24.6 pts | 40.2#47 of 50 · D | 64.8#17 of 50 · B+ | -24.6 pts | — | HI |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +0.7 pts (+1%) · US 100 | 110.7#50 of 50 | 110#49 of 50 | +0.7 pts+1% | 100 | Even |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap +$8,738 · US -$11,758 | -$59,997#48 of 50 | -$68,735#50 of 50 | +$8,738 | -$11,758 | CA |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap -$69,182 (-8%) · US $368,697 | $764,158#49 of 50 | $833,340#50 of 50 | -$69,182-8% | $368,697 | CA |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap -2.92 pts · US 8.74% | 11%#47 of 50 | 13.92%#50 of 50 | -2.92 pts | 8.74% | CA |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +228 (+111%) · US 328 | 433#44 of 50 | 205#7 of 50 | +228+111% | 328 | HI |
| Median household incomeGap -$596 (-1%) · US $80,903 | $100,149#5 of 50 | $100,745#4 of 50 | -$596-1% | $80,903 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap +1 pts · US 85.62% | 87%#23 of 50 | 86%#29 of 50 | +1 pts | 85.62% | CA |
| Life expectancyGap -0.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 79.3#7 of 50 | 80.0#1 of 50 | -0.7 yrs | 76.9 | HI |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -97,800 · US -33 | -100,397#50 of 50 | -2,597#36 of 50 | -97,800 | -33 | HI |
Cost of living index from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (US = 100). Left after costs from the America's Dashboard affordability engine for a family of four earning $75,000. Typical home value from Zillow Research. Tax burden from WalletHub. Violent crime from the FBI, per 100,000 residents. Income and graduation from the Census Bureau and NCES. Life expectancy from the CDC. Net households from IRS Statistics of Income. US column is the 50-state average or median.
Is California or Hawaii better to live in?
Hawaii scores higher overall: 64.8 to 40.2 out of 100, #17 of 50 against #47. California leads 3 of 11 categories, Hawaii leads 7, and 1 are within 3 points.
| Category | Weight | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | Gap | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy15% of scoregap -44.8 | 15% | 41.5#34 · C+ | 86.3#1 · A+ | -44.8 pts | HI |
| Safety12% of scoregap -21 | 12% | 54.7#43 · D | 75.7#21 · B | -21 pts | HI |
| Health12% of scoregap -11 | 12% | 77.6#5 · A+ | 88.6#2 · A+ | -11 pts | HI |
| Education12% of scoregap -7.4 | 12% | 51.7#37 · C | 59.1#28 · C+ | -7.4 pts | HI |
| Affordability10% of scoregap +9.9 | 10% | 14.3#49 · F | 4.4#50 · F | +9.9 pts | CA |
| Fiscal Health8% of scoregap +11 | 8% | 47.5#40 · C | 36.5#48 · D | +11 pts | CA |
| Growth7% of scoregap -19.2 | 7% | 6.1#50 · F | 25.3#40 · C | -19.2 pts | HI |
| Transportation7% of scoregap -8.4 | 7% | 46.0#35 · C | 54.4#16 · B+ | -8.4 pts | HI |
| Livability7% of scoregap -2.8 | 7% | 31.7#27 · C+ | 34.5#20 · B | -2.8 pts | Even |
| Outdoor Access6% of scoregap +4.5 | 6% | 40.8#12 · B+ | 36.3#18 · B+ | +4.5 pts | CA |
| Environment4% of scoregap -32.2 | 4% | 24.7#47 · D | 56.9#8 · A | -32.2 pts | HI |
Scores run 0 to 100 within each category; weight is the category's share of the composite. Grades follow rank (1–5 A+, 6–10 A, 11–18 B+, 19–26 B, 27–34 C+, 35–42 C, 43–48 D, 49–50 F). Methodology →
Is California cheaper than Hawaii?
California and Hawaii cost about the same day to day: cost of living index 110.7 vs 110 (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 keeps $8,738 more a year in California after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +0.7 pts (+1%) · US 100 | 110.7#50 of 50 | 110#49 of 50 | +0.7 pts+1% | 100 | Even |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap -5.5 pts (-5%) · US 100 | 106.1#46 of 50 | 111.6#50 of 50 | -5.5 pts-5% | 100 | CA |
| Residential electricity priceGap -8.05¢ (-20%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 32.54¢/kWh#49 of 50 | 40.59¢/kWh#50 of 50 | -8.05¢-20% | 17.84¢/kWh | CA |
| Residential natural gas priceGap -$30.37 (-58%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $22.01/Mcf#47 of 50 | $52.38/Mcf#50 of 50 | -$30.37-58% | $15.83/Mcf | CA |
| Gasoline priceGap -$0.31 (-7%) · US $3.32/gal | $4.42/gal#48 of 50 | $4.73/gal#50 of 50 | -$0.31-7% | $3.32/gal | CA |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap -$2,025 (-8%) · US $15,633 | $23,071#46 of 50 | $25,096#48 of 50 | -$2,025-8% | $15,633 | CA |
Cost of living index and the price level for goods from the Bureau of Economic Analysis regional price parities (US = 100). Electricity, natural gas and gasoline prices from the EIA; center-based infant care from Child Care Aware of America. Lower is ahead.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single Adultearning $75,000Gap +$2,407 | +$12,129costs $62,871 | +$9,722costs $65,279 | +$2,407 | CA |
| Couple, No Kidsearning $75,000Gap +$3,465 | -$2,304costs $77,304 | -$5,769costs $80,769 | +$3,465 | CA |
| Family of 4earning $75,000Gap +$8,738 | -$59,997costs $134,997 | -$68,735costs $143,735 | +$8,738 | CA |
| Retiree Coupleearning $75,000Gap +$3,174 | +$14,276costs $60,724 | +$11,102costs $63,899 | +$3,174 | CA |
Income left after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and state and local taxes for four household types earning $75,000, from the affordability engine. Negative means typical costs exceed take-home pay.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HousingGap -$1,022 | $51,794 | $52,816 | -$1,022 | Even |
| ChildcareGap -$4,050 | $46,142 | $50,192 | -$4,050 | CA |
| UtilitiesGap +$34 | $5,314 | $5,280 | +$34 | Even |
| GroceriesGap -$620 | $11,950 | $12,570 | -$620 | CA |
| TransportationGap -$975 | $13,891 | $14,866 | -$975 | CA |
| State and local taxesGap -$2,105 | $5,906 | $8,011 | -$2,105 | CA |
Annual cost lines for a family of four (two adults, two children). Lower is ahead.
Which has lower taxes, California or Hawaii?
California collects a smaller share of income in state and local taxes: 11% vs 13.92%. California has high income tax, high sales tax, with property tax in the middle of the pack; Hawaii has high income tax, low property tax, low sales tax.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap -2.92 pts · US 8.74% | 11%#47 of 50 | 13.92%#50 of 50 | -2.92 pts | 8.74% | CA |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap +3.4 pts · US 5.46% | 14.4%#48 of 50 | 11%#46 of 50 | +3.4 pts | 5.46% | HI |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.44 pts · US 1.02% | 0.71%#15 of 50 | 0.27%#1 of 50 | +0.44 pts | 1.02% | Even |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +4.49 pts · US 6.66% | 8.99%#44 of 50 | 4.5%#6 of 50 | +4.49 pts | 6.66% | HI |
Total tax burden (state and local taxes as a share of personal income) from WalletHub; top marginal income tax rate, effective property tax rate and combined state and local sales tax from the Tax Foundation. Lower is ahead.
Are homes more expensive in California or Hawaii?
Homes cost 9% more in Hawaii: a typical home value of $764,158 in California vs $833,340 in Hawaii. Buying the typical home takes about $197,262 of income in California and $202,402 in Hawaii; the median household earns $100,149 and $100,745.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap -$69,182 (-8%) · US $368,697 | $764,158#49 of 50 | $833,340#50 of 50 | -$69,182-8% | $368,697 | CA |
| Home value change, one yearGap -0.7 pts · US +1.2% | +0.4%#39 of 50 | +1.1%#35 of 50 | -0.7 pts | +1.2% | HI |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap -$79 (-3%) · US $1,948 | $2,941#47 of 50 | $3,020#48 of 50 | -$79-3% | $1,948 | Even |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap -$5,140 (-3%) · US $100,006 | $197,262#49 of 50 | $202,402#50 of 50 | -$5,140-3% | $100,006 | Even |
| Home value to income ratioGap -0.7x (-8%) · US 4.6x | 7.6x#49 of 50 | 8.3x#50 of 50 | -0.7x-8% | 4.6x | CA |
Typical home value, one-year change, largest-metro rent and income needed to buy from Zillow Research (a modeled estimate, not a median). Price-to-income ratio divides that typical home value by ACS median household income. Lower is ahead.
| CA | HI | |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly payment, 20% down | $3,932 | $4,288 |
| Income needed vs. median | +97% | +101% |
| Five-year change | +13.9% | +16.1% |
| Market temperature | Hot | Warm |
| Largest metro | Los Angeles | Urban Honolulu |
Income needed vs. median: how far the income required to buy the typical home sits above (+) or below (−) the state's median household income. Temperature blends price cuts, days to pending and inventory against the national market (Zillow).
Do people earn more in California or Hawaii?
Median household income is about the same, $100,149 in California and $100,745 in Hawaii, with unemployment at 5.5% and 2.4%. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, California's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 20 after adjusting for local costs and Hawaii's in 0.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household incomeGap -$596 (-1%) · US $80,903 | $100,149#5 of 50 | $100,745#4 of 50 | -$596-1% | $80,903 | Even |
| Unemployment rateGap +3.1 pts · US 3.95% | 5.5%#50 of 50 | 2.4%#2 of 50 | +3.1 pts | 3.95% | HI |
| GDP per capitaGap +$26,331 (+42%) · US $64,333 | $88,370#4 of 50 | $62,039#25 of 50 | +$26,331+42% | $64,333 | CA |
| Real GDP growthGap +1.4 pts · US +1.91% | +2.8%#10 of 50 | +1.4%#39 of 50 | +1.4 pts | +1.91% | CA |
| Population growthGap +0.13 pts · US +0.51% | -0.02%#46 of 50 | -0.15%#49 of 50 | +0.13 pts | +0.51% | Even |
Median household income from the Census Bureau ACS; unemployment from BLS LAUS; GDP per capita and real GDP growth from the BEA; population growth from Census Bureau estimates.
Show all 20 occupations
| Occupation | CA | HI | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|
| Software Developers | $213,666$241,443 in San Francisco | $130,870$142,648 in Honolulu | CA |
| Lawyers | $226,574$256,029 in San Francisco | $147,403$160,669 in Honolulu | CA |
| Family Medicine Physicians | $278,539$314,749 in San Francisco | $222,456$242,477 in Honolulu | CA |
| Police & Sheriff's Patrol Officers | $116,596$131,753 in San Francisco | $72,942$79,507 in Honolulu | CA |
| Registered Nurses | $139,711$157,873 in San Francisco | $100,764$109,833 in Honolulu | CA |
| Electricians | $96,374$108,903 in San Francisco | $63,566$69,287 in Honolulu | CA |
| Computer Systems Analysts | $127,177$143,710 in San Francisco | $104,027$113,389 in Honolulu | CA |
| Civil Engineers | $118,769$134,209 in San Francisco | $95,783$104,403 in Honolulu | CA |
| General & Operations Managers | $120,991$136,720 in San Francisco | $103,999$113,359 in Honolulu | CA |
| Dietitians & Nutritionists | $87,326$98,678 in San Francisco | $70,704$77,067 in Honolulu | CA |
| Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN) | $67,881$76,705 in San Francisco | $52,646$57,384 in Honolulu | CA |
| Secondary School Teachers | $77,923$88,053 in San Francisco | $63,497$69,212 in Honolulu | CA |
| Accountants & Auditors | $94,831$107,159 in San Francisco | $80,939$88,223 in Honolulu | CA |
| Sales Representatives (Wholesale/Manufacturing) | $78,592$88,809 in San Francisco | $65,250$71,123 in Honolulu | CA |
| Heavy & Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers | $65,182$73,656 in San Francisco | $51,849$56,515 in Honolulu | CA |
| Cooks, Restaurant | $49,551$55,993 in San Francisco | $37,595$40,979 in Honolulu | CA |
| Welders, Cutters & Brazers | $56,174$63,477 in San Francisco | $45,961$50,097 in Honolulu | CA |
| Mental Health Counselors | $63,554$71,816 in San Francisco | $53,672$58,503 in Honolulu | CA |
| HVAC Mechanics & Installers | $65,493$74,007 in San Francisco | $57,100$62,239 in Honolulu | CA |
| Construction Laborers | $49,980$56,477 in San Francisco | $44,856$48,893 in Honolulu | CA |
BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release: the median wage in each state's best-paying metro, adjusted for that metro's cost of living (BEA regional price parities). Sorted by the size of the gap.
Is California safer than Hawaii?
Hawaii is safer: 205 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 433 in California (FBI). Property crime runs 1,792 and 1,604 per 100,000.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +228 (+111%) · US 328 | 433#44 of 50 | 205#7 of 50 | +228+111% | 328 | HI |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +188 (+12%) · US 1,535 | 1,792#40 of 50 | 1,604#32 of 50 | +188+12% | 1,535 | HI |
FBI state crime estimates, offenses per 100,000 residents, latest release. Florida and North Dakota use the FBI's prior-year estimate because the latest year is based on limited data. Lower is ahead.
- Yorba Linda, CA47 violent per 100K
- No city crime data
Among each state's 20 tracked cities, latest FBI release.
Which has better schools and health, California or Hawaii?
Hawaii scores higher for education (#28 of 50 vs #37), with high school graduation rates of 87% and 86%. Hawaii scores higher for health (#2 vs #5); life expectancy is 79.3 years in California and 80.0 in Hawaii.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap -1 · US 273 | 269#36 of 50 | 270#30 of 50 | -1 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap -3 · US 257 | 254#38 of 50 | 257#26 of 50 | -3 | 257 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap +1 pts · US 85.62% | 87%#23 of 50 | 86%#29 of 50 | +1 pts | 85.62% | CA |
| Life expectancyGap -0.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 79.3#7 of 50 | 80.0#1 of 50 | -0.7 yrs | 76.9 | HI |
| Adults with obesityGap +2.1 pts · US 34.03% | 29.1%#6 of 50 | 27%#3 of 50 | +2.1 pts | 34.03% | HI |
| Residents without health insuranceGap +2.4 pts · US 7.6% | 5.9%#16 of 50 | 3.5%#2 of 50 | +2.4 pts | 7.6% | HI |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap +24 pts (+100%) · US 38.8 | 48#50 of 50 | 24#1 of 50 | +24 pts+100% | 38.8 | HI |
High school graduation rate from NCES; life expectancy from the CDC National Center for Health Statistics; median air quality index from EPA AirData (lower is cleaner).
- San Ramon, CAeducation score 98
- Honolulu, HIeducation score 86
City education scores blend graduation rate, student-teacher ratio and per-pupil spending (NCES). State education scores combine NAEP math and reading with the graduation rate; health scores combine life expectancy, adult obesity and the uninsured rate. Education: California #37, Hawaii #28. Health: California #5, Hawaii #2.
Are more people moving from California to Hawaii, or from Hawaii to California?
5,598 households moved from California to Hawaii and 5,048 moved from Hawaii to California in the latest IRS release, a net gain of 550 households for Hawaii. Movers to Hawaii reported an average income of $97,712; movers to California reported $80,751. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, counting people, shows 10,516 people (±2,445) moving from California to Hawaii and 9,923 (±2,644) the other way, a gap inside the margin of error, so the flows are roughly balanced.
Bars show people (Census ACS, latest release, with 90% margins of error). IRS counts tax-filing households and reports the movers' average income; pairs outside a state's top ten origins and destinations are not published.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Households moving inIRSGap +227,837 (+910%) | 252,863#3 of 50 | 25,026#39 of 50 | +227,837+910% | CA |
| Households moving outIRSGap +325,637 (+1,179%) | 353,260#50 of 50 | 27,623#13 of 50 | +325,637+1,179% | HI |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -97,800 | -100,397#50 of 50 | -2,597#36 of 50 | -97,800 | HI |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap -0.8 | -2.6#49 of 50 | -1.8#42 of 50 | -0.8 | HI |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap +$17,440 (+22%) | $95,523#5 of 50 | $78,083#27 of 50 | +$17,440+22% | CA |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap +$31,257 (+44%) | $102,120#6 of 50 | $70,863#31 of 50 | +$31,257+44% | CA |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap +0.4 | -5.8#47 of 50 | -6.2#49 of 50 | +0.4 | CA |
Each state's total inbound and outbound households and the movers' average income from IRS Statistics of Income; net domestic migration per 1,000 residents from Census Bureau population estimates. Latest releases.
Which is better for retirees, families or remote workers, California or Hawaii?
Hawaii is the better fit for families, retirees, remote workers, young professionals, small business, and outdoor enthusiasts. Each index re-weights the same 11 category scores for one kind of household.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FamiliesGap +21 places | #48score 43.1 | #27score 63 | +21 places | HI |
| RetireesGap +10 places | #49score 43.4 | #39score 54.4 | +10 places | HI |
| Remote WorkersGap +5 places | #50score 19.5 | #45score 40.3 | +5 places | HI |
| Young ProfessionalsGap +25 places | #50score 24.3 | #25score 53.7 | +25 places | HI |
| Small BusinessGap +16 places | #50score 26.8 | #34score 48.7 | +16 places | HI |
| Outdoor EnthusiastsGap +17 places | #31score 36.7 | #14score 56.7 | +17 places | HI |
Rank of 50 on each lifestyle index. A state is called ahead when the ranks are at least 4 places apart.
- FamiliesHawaii (#27 vs #48)
- RetireesHawaii (#39 vs #49)
- Remote WorkersHawaii (#45 vs #50)
- Young ProfessionalsHawaii (#25 vs #50)
- Small BusinessHawaii (#34 vs #50)
- Outdoor EnthusiastsHawaii (#14 vs #31)
Which cities stand out in California and Hawaii?
California has 188 tracked cities and Hawaii has 20; the largest are Los Angeles and Honolulu. The table picks the best city in each state for one purpose at a time.
| Best for | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI |
|---|---|---|
| Largest citypopulation | Los Angeles3,857,263 people | Honolulu345,482 people |
| Highest composite scorecomposite score | Palo Altoscore 70.9 | East Honoluluscore 68.5 |
| Safest cityviolent crime per 100,000 | Yorba Linda47 violent per 100K | — |
| Cheapest citycost of living index | Mercedcost index 98.3 | Hilocost index 106.4 |
| Most walkableEPA walkability index, 1 to 20 | Santa Monicawalkability 16.3 of 20 | Mililani Maukawalkability 14.1 of 20 |
| Cleanest airmedian air quality index, county | Santa Rosacounty median AQI 9 | Kahuluicounty median AQI 21 |
| Best schoolsgraduation rate, % | San Ramon98% graduation rate | Honolulu86% graduation rate |
| Richest citymedian household income | Cupertinomedian income $234,707 | East Honolulumedian income $159,518 |
| Fastest growingpopulation growth, % | Folsom+4.1% growth | Honolulu-0.2% growth |
Among the 20 tracked cities in each state. Census ACS, FBI, NCES and BEA data, latest releases.
How do California and Hawaii compare on everything else?
State finances, environment, and getting around. California carries AA- credit rating and Hawaii AA+.
Show fiscal, environment and commuting tables
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renewable share of electricityGap +22 pts · US 29.34% | 52%#12 of 50 | 30%#21 of 50 | +22 pts | 29.34% | CA |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap +2.3 (+4%) · US 29.6 | 56.3#48 of 50 | 54.0#47 of 50 | +2.3+4% | 29.6 | HI |
| Public land shareGap +30.7 pts · US 17.16% | 45.8%#7 of 50 | 15.1%#15 of 50 | +30.7 pts | 17.16% | CA |
| Mean travel time to workGap +3 min · US 25.2 min | 29.7 min#46 of 50 | 26.7 min#35 of 50 | +3 min | 25.2 min | HI |
| Commuters using public transitGap -1 pts · US 2.29% | 3.3%#10 of 50 | 4.3%#6 of 50 | -1 pts | 2.29% | HI |
| Workers working from homeGap +5.2 pts · US 12.28% | 14.1%#16 of 50 | 8.9%#41 of 50 | +5.2 pts | 12.28% | CA |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap +2 pts · US 92.67% | 95%#4 of 50 | 93%#21 of 50 | +2 pts | 92.67% | CA |
Renewable share of electricity from the EIA; natural disaster risk from FEMA's National Risk Index; public land share from USGS PAD-US; mean travel time to work, transit and work-from-home shares from the Census Bureau ACS; households with a broadband subscription from the Census Bureau ACS.
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap -10 pts · US 92.7 | 85#45 of 50 | 95#23 of 50 | -10 pts | 92.7 | HI |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap +2.5 pts · US 12.39% | 8.3%#35 of 50 | 5.8%#43 of 50 | +2.5 pts | 12.39% | CA |
| Pension funded ratioGap +13 pts · US 74.3% | 72%#32 of 50 | 59%#45 of 50 | +13 pts | 74.3% | CA |
| State debt per capitaGap -$2,400 (-36%) · US $3,506 | $4,180#39 of 50 | $6,580#45 of 50 | -$2,400-36% | $3,506 | CA |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -5.3 pts · US +4.66% | -3.2%#50 of 50 | +2.1%#43 of 50 | -5.3 pts | +4.66% | HI |
Credit rating index (S&P / Moody's; California AA-, Hawaii AA+), rainy-day fund and budget balance as a share of spending (Pew, NASBO), pension funded ratio (Pew) and state debt per capita (Census Bureau).
California vs Hawaii: every metric side by side
Every measure behind the category scores, with each state's rank of 50 and the US figure. California is ahead on 24 of 51, Hawaii on 17, and 10 are even.
Show all 54 metrics
| Measure | CaliforniaCA | HawaiiHI | GapCA−HI | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PopulationGap +37,922,489 (+2,647%) · US 6.8 million | 39.4 million#1 of 50 | 1.4 million#40 of 50 | +37,922,489+2,647% | 6.8 million | CA |
| Median household incomeGap -$596 (-1%) · US $80,903 | $100,149#5 of 50 | $100,745#4 of 50 | -$596-1% | $80,903 | Even |
| Unemployment rateGap +3.1 pts · US 3.95% | 5.5%#50 of 50 | 2.4%#2 of 50 | +3.1 pts | 3.95% | HI |
| Population growthGap +0.13 pts · US +0.51% | -0.02%#46 of 50 | -0.15%#49 of 50 | +0.13 pts | +0.51% | Even |
| GDP per capitaGap +$26,331 (+42%) · US $64,333 | $88,370#4 of 50 | $62,039#25 of 50 | +$26,331+42% | $64,333 | CA |
| Real GDP growthGap +1.4 pts · US +1.91% | +2.8%#10 of 50 | +1.4%#39 of 50 | +1.4 pts | +1.91% | CA |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +228 (+111%) · US 328 | 433#44 of 50 | 205#7 of 50 | +228+111% | 328 | HI |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +188 (+12%) · US 1,535 | 1,792#40 of 50 | 1,604#32 of 50 | +188+12% | 1,535 | HI |
| High school graduation rateGap +1 pts · US 85.62% | 87%#23 of 50 | 86%#29 of 50 | +1 pts | 85.62% | CA |
| NAEP math score, grade 4Gap -6 · US 237 | 233#43 of 50 | 239#15 of 50 | -6 | 237 | Even |
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap -1 · US 273 | 269#36 of 50 | 270#30 of 50 | -1 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 4Gap -4 · US 214 | 212#40 of 50 | 216#16 of 50 | -4 | 214 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap -3 · US 257 | 254#38 of 50 | 257#26 of 50 | -3 | 257 | Even |
| Life expectancyGap -0.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 79.3#7 of 50 | 80.0#1 of 50 | -0.7 yrs | 76.9 | HI |
| Adults with obesityGap +2.1 pts · US 34.03% | 29.1%#6 of 50 | 27%#3 of 50 | +2.1 pts | 34.03% | HI |
| Residents without health insuranceGap +2.4 pts · US 7.6% | 5.9%#16 of 50 | 3.5%#2 of 50 | +2.4 pts | 7.6% | HI |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap -$69,182 (-8%) · US $368,697 | $764,158#49 of 50 | $833,340#50 of 50 | -$69,182-8% | $368,697 | CA |
| Home value change, one yearGap -0.7 pts · US +1.2% | +0.4%#39 of 50 | +1.1%#35 of 50 | -0.7 pts | +1.2% | HI |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap -$79 (-3%) · US $1,948 | $2,941#47 of 50 | $3,020#48 of 50 | -$79-3% | $1,948 | Even |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap -$5,140 (-3%) · US $100,006 | $197,262#49 of 50 | $202,402#50 of 50 | -$5,140-3% | $100,006 | Even |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +0.7 pts (+1%) · US 100 | 110.7#50 of 50 | 110#49 of 50 | +0.7 pts+1% | 100 | Even |
| Home value to income ratioGap -0.7x (-8%) · US 4.6x | 7.6x#49 of 50 | 8.3x#50 of 50 | -0.7x-8% | 4.6x | CA |
| Residential electricity priceGap -8.05¢ (-20%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 32.54¢/kWh#49 of 50 | 40.59¢/kWh#50 of 50 | -8.05¢-20% | 17.84¢/kWh | CA |
| Residential natural gas priceGap -$30.37 (-58%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $22.01/Mcf#47 of 50 | $52.38/Mcf#50 of 50 | -$30.37-58% | $15.83/Mcf | CA |
| Gasoline priceGap -$0.31 (-7%) · US $3.32/gal | $4.42/gal#48 of 50 | $4.73/gal#50 of 50 | -$0.31-7% | $3.32/gal | CA |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap -5.5 pts (-5%) · US 100 | 106.1#46 of 50 | 111.6#50 of 50 | -5.5 pts-5% | 100 | CA |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap -$2,025 (-8%) · US $15,633 | $23,071#46 of 50 | $25,096#48 of 50 | -$2,025-8% | $15,633 | CA |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap -2.92 pts · US 8.74% | 11%#47 of 50 | 13.92%#50 of 50 | -2.92 pts | 8.74% | CA |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap +3.4 pts · US 5.46% | 14.4%#48 of 50 | 11%#46 of 50 | +3.4 pts | 5.46% | HI |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.44 pts · US 1.02% | 0.71%#15 of 50 | 0.27%#1 of 50 | +0.44 pts | 1.02% | Even |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +4.49 pts · US 6.66% | 8.99%#44 of 50 | 4.5%#6 of 50 | +4.49 pts | 6.66% | HI |
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap -10 pts · US 92.7 | 85#45 of 50 | 95#23 of 50 | -10 pts | 92.7 | HI |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap +2.5 pts · US 12.39% | 8.3%#35 of 50 | 5.8%#43 of 50 | +2.5 pts | 12.39% | CA |
| Pension funded ratioGap +13 pts · US 74.3% | 72%#32 of 50 | 59%#45 of 50 | +13 pts | 74.3% | CA |
| State debt per capitaGap -$2,400 (-36%) · US $3,506 | $4,180#39 of 50 | $6,580#45 of 50 | -$2,400-36% | $3,506 | CA |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -5.3 pts · US +4.66% | -3.2%#50 of 50 | +2.1%#43 of 50 | -5.3 pts | +4.66% | HI |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap +24 pts (+100%) · US 38.8 | 48#50 of 50 | 24#1 of 50 | +24 pts+100% | 38.8 | HI |
| Renewable share of electricityGap +22 pts · US 29.34% | 52%#12 of 50 | 30%#21 of 50 | +22 pts | 29.34% | CA |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap +2.3 (+4%) · US 29.6 | 56.3#48 of 50 | 54.0#47 of 50 | +2.3+4% | 29.6 | HI |
| Public land shareGap +30.7 pts · US 17.16% | 45.8%#7 of 50 | 15.1%#15 of 50 | +30.7 pts | 17.16% | CA |
| Mean travel time to workGap +3 min · US 25.2 min | 29.7 min#46 of 50 | 26.7 min#35 of 50 | +3 min | 25.2 min | HI |
| Commuters using public transitGap -1 pts · US 2.29% | 3.3%#10 of 50 | 4.3%#6 of 50 | -1 pts | 2.29% | HI |
| Workers working from homeGap +5.2 pts · US 12.28% | 14.1%#16 of 50 | 8.9%#41 of 50 | +5.2 pts | 12.28% | CA |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap +2 pts · US 92.67% | 95%#4 of 50 | 93%#21 of 50 | +2 pts | 92.67% | CA |
| Households moving inIRSGap +227,837 (+910%) · US 78,682 | 252,863#3 of 50 | 25,026#39 of 50 | +227,837+910% | 78,682 | CA |
| Households moving outIRSGap +325,637 (+1,179%) · US 78,715 | 353,260#50 of 50 | 27,623#13 of 50 | +325,637+1,179% | 78,715 | HI |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -97,800 · US -33 | -100,397#50 of 50 | -2,597#36 of 50 | -97,800 | -33 | HI |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap -0.8 · US +0.4 | -2.6#49 of 50 | -1.8#42 of 50 | -0.8 | +0.4 | HI |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap +$17,440 (+22%) · US $77,690 | $95,523#5 of 50 | $78,083#27 of 50 | +$17,440+22% | $77,690 | CA |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap +$31,257 (+44%) · US $77,024 | $102,120#6 of 50 | $70,863#31 of 50 | +$31,257+44% | $77,024 | CA |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap +0.4 · US +1.1 | -5.8#47 of 50 | -6.2#49 of 50 | +0.4 | +1.1 | CA |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap +$8,738 · US -$11,758 | -$59,997#48 of 50 | -$68,735#50 of 50 | +$8,738 | -$11,758 | CA |
| Left after costs, single adultearning $75K a yearGap +$2,407 · US +$31,418 | +$12,129#49 of 50 | +$9,722#50 of 50 | +$2,407 | +$31,418 | CA |
| Left after costs, retiree coupleearning $75K a yearGap +$3,174 · US +$35,970 | +$14,276#49 of 50 | +$11,102#50 of 50 | +$3,174 | +$35,970 | CA |
Every metric in the registry, direction-aware: ahead means better for a resident. Ranks are among the states with data. Sources are listed at the foot of the page.
Key takeaways
What the California and Hawaii numbers say when read together.
Hawaii ranks higher overall
Hawaii leads 7 of the 11 categories to California's 3, with 1 even; California is ahead on fiscal health and affordability. Across all 51 measures with data on both sides, California is ahead on 24 and Hawaii on 17.
Everyday costs are about the same
The cost of living index is 110.7 in California and 110 in Hawaii, inside the 2-point band this site treats as even. Typical home values are $764,158 and $833,340. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$59,997 a year after typical costs in California and -$68,735 in Hawaii.
California takes a smaller share in taxes
California collects 11% of income in state and local taxes (high income tax, high sales tax, with property tax in the middle of the pack); Hawaii collects 13.92% (high income tax, low property tax, low sales tax).
Hawaii is safer
Median household income is $100,149 in California and $100,745 in Hawaii, with unemployment at 5.5% and 2.4%. Violent crime runs 433 per 100,000 residents in California and 205 in Hawaii.
Moves between the two run about even
10,516 people moved from California to Hawaii and 9,923 the other way, a gap inside the survey's margin of error.
Hawaii fits families and retirees better
For families, California ranks #48 of 50 and Hawaii #27; for retirees, California ranks #49 and Hawaii #39.
California vs Hawaii: frequently asked questions
Is California or Hawaii better to live in?
California ranks #47 of 50 overall and Hawaii #17 as of the latest release. They cost about the same to live in (cost of living index 110.7 vs 110); California has a 2.9-point lower tax burden and has a 53% higher violent crime rate. Hawaii scores higher overall, leading 7 of 11 categories to 3.
Is California cheaper than Hawaii?
California and Hawaii cost about the same to live in: cost of living index 110.7 vs 110 (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 would have -$59,997 left after typical housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes in California, and -$68,735 in Hawaii. The typical home value is $764,158 in California and $833,340 in Hawaii.
Which has lower taxes, California or Hawaii?
California has the lower tax burden: 11% of income in state and local taxes vs 13.92% in Hawaii. California's top income tax rate is 14.4%, its effective property tax rate 0.71% and its combined sales tax 8.99%; Hawaii's are 11%, 0.27% and 4.5%.
Is California safer than Hawaii?
Hawaii is safer: 205 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 433 in California, per the FBI. California ranks #44 of 50 for violent crime and Hawaii #7. Property crime is 1,792 per 100,000 in California and 1,604 in Hawaii.
Are homes more expensive in California or Hawaii?
Homes are 9% more expensive in Hawaii: the typical home value is $764,158 in California and $833,340 in Hawaii. Buying the typical home takes about $197,262 of household income in California and $202,402 in Hawaii, against median incomes of $100,149 and $100,745.
Do people earn more in California or Hawaii?
California and Hawaii pay about the same: median household income is $100,149 vs $100,745, per the Census Bureau. Unemployment is 5.5% in California and 2.4% in Hawaii. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, California's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 20 after adjusting for local costs and Hawaii's in 0.
Are more people moving from California to Hawaii or from Hawaii to California?
5,598 households moved from California to Hawaii and 5,048 moved from Hawaii to California in the latest IRS release, a net gain of 550 households for Hawaii. Movers to Hawaii reported an average income of $97,712; movers to California reported $80,751. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, counting people, shows 10,516 people (±2,445) moving from California to Hawaii and 9,923 (±2,644) the other way, a gap inside the margin of error, so the flows are roughly balanced.
Which is better for retirees, California or Hawaii?
Hawaii is the better fit for retirees: #39 of 50 on the retiree index vs #49 for California. California has high income tax, high sales tax, with property tax in the middle of the pack; Hawaii has high income tax, low property tax, low sales tax. A retiree couple on $75,000 would have +$14,276 left after typical costs in California and +$11,102 in Hawaii.
Which is better for families, California or Hawaii?
Hawaii is the better fit for families: #27 of 50 on the families index vs #48 for California. Center-based infant care costs $23,071 a year in California and $25,096 in Hawaii. High school graduation rates are 87% and 86%. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$59,997 after typical costs in California and -$68,735 in Hawaii.
Is Hawaii better than California?
Yes: Hawaii ranks higher than California overall, #17 of 50 vs #47, with a composite score of 64.8 to 40.2. Hawaii leads 7 of 11 categories and California leads 3, including fiscal health and affordability. Which is better for you depends on how you weigh cost, safety, schools, taxes and pay.
Compare a different pair
Swap either state, or jump to the matchups people open alongside California vs Hawaii.
Why this pair is featured: major moving corridor (5,598 households moved in the busier direction in the latest IRS release).