50
States ranked
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11
Scoring categories
America’s Dashboard

America's Dashboard ranks and scores all 50 US states and1,312 cities using real government data. Compare economy, safety, health, education, affordability, and more — free, transparent, and updated with the latest federal statistics.

Updated as each source publishes its latest release

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Data sources

Rankings are computed from publicly available federal and state government datasets, supplemented by a handful of published indexes (such as the Tax Foundation, Child Care Aware of America and Zillow Research). Figures are used as each source publishes them, including the FBI's own state crime estimates; nothing is synthetic or modeled by us, and every source is cited below.

  • Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS annual averages·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year·
  • FBI Crime Data Explorer, estimated crimes by state·
  • CDC NCHS U.S. State Life Tables·
  • CDC BRFSS·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS (table S2701)·
  • NAEP, The Nation's Report Card·
  • EDFacts adjusted cohort graduation rate (NCES)·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates·
  • Cook Political Report, PVI·
  • Tax Foundation, Facts & Figures·
  • ALEC Rich States Poor States·
  • WalletHub Tax Burden Study·
  • Zillow Research, Zillow Home Value Index·
  • BEA Regional Price Parities·
  • EPA AirData, Median AQI by County·
  • EIA State Electricity Profiles·
  • FEMA National Risk Index·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, Net Domestic Migration·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS Broadband Subscriptions·
  • National Park Service API·
  • USGS Protected Areas Database (PAD-US)·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year Commuting·
  • FHWA Highway Statistics·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns·
  • EIA residential electricity prices·
  • EIA State Energy Data System, motor gasoline prices·
  • EIA Natural Gas Prices, residential·
  • Child Care Aware of America, Price & Supply·
  • Tax Foundation, State Income Tax Rates and Brackets·
  • BEA Regional Price Parities, goods·
  • NCES Common Core of Data (CCD)·
  • EDFacts ACGR Graduation Rates·
  • NCES School District Finance Survey (F-33)·
  • BEA GDP by State (SAGDP9)·
  • NASBO Fiscal Survey of States·
  • Census Bureau State Government Finances·
  • Pew Charitable Trusts Fiscal 50·
  • Pew Charitable Trusts, State Pension Funding·
  • S&P/Moody's via Ballotpedia·
  • Bureau of Labor Statistics, OES·
  • IRS Statistics of Income, State-to-State Migration·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS State-to-State Migration Flows·
  • Zillow Research, Home Values, Rents & Market Metrics·
  • FBI Crime Data Explorer, city police agency reports·
  • CDC PLACES, city health estimates·
  • NOAA U.S. Climate Normals·
  • EPA National Walkability Index
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Home/States/North Carolina

2026 edition·South·Pop. 11,197,968·Capital Raleigh·12th state, admitted 1789·Cook PVI Even

Is North Carolina a Good Place to Live? North Carolina Rankings, Cost of Living, Crime & Taxes

North Carolina ranks #23 of 50 with a composite score of 59.1 and a B grade, strongest in growth (#3) and weakest in outdoor access (#37). The median household earns $73,958 (9% below the national median), homes typically cost $334,773 (9% below the national average), and violent crime is 330 per 100,000 (1% above the national average).

Editor's verdict
Apex and Cary, west of Raleigh, are why North Carolina takes in more households than almost any state, a net of +39,118 in the IRS count, #3 nationally. Those newcomers then meet a price-to-income ratio of 4.5x, above the national 4.6x, because wages outside the Triangle and Charlotte have not kept pace.
Compare North Carolina with its neighbors →Best cities in North Carolina →How the score works →
Composite score
59.1B
#23 of 50 · #3 in the South
Top 10 in
Growth #3, Fiscal Health #6
Middle of the pack
Affordability #21, Livability #21, Education #26, Transportation #28, Economy #29, Health #32, Safety #33, Environment #35, Outdoor Access #37
NumbersNumbersScorecardScoresCostCostTaxesTaxesSafetySafetyJobsJobsSchools & healthSchoolsMovingMovingCitiesCitiesBest forBest forNeighborsNeighborsFAQFAQ
Top ↑

North Carolina by the numbers

Six measures every state is judged on, each with North Carolina's rank of 50 and the national figure beside it.

Median household income
$73,958
#36 of 50, 1 = highest · US $80,903
Typical home value
$334,773
#24 of 50, 1 = cheapest · US $368,697
Cost of living index
94.3
#21 of 50, 1 = cheapest · US 100
Violent crime per 100K
330
#30 of 50, 1 = safest · US 328
Unemployment rate
3.8%
#20 of 50, 1 = lowest · US 3.95%
Total tax burden
8.18%
#16 of 50, 1 = lowest · US 8.74%

Sources, latest releases: Census Bureau ACS (income), Zillow Research (home value), BEA Regional Price Parities (cost index), FBI state crime estimates (crime), BLS LAUS (unemployment), WalletHub tax burden study (taxes). Rank 1 is the best value in each measure: highest income, lowest cost, lowest crime.

→Read the North Carolina overview

North Carolina scores above the national average in 5 of 11 categories and ranks #3 of 14 states in the South, behind 2 regional neighbors. Its biggest edge over the country is typical home value ($334,773, 9% below the national average); its biggest shortfall is median household income ($73,958, 9% below the national median). With 2 top-10 finishes and no bottom-10 category, its weaknesses are relative, not absolute.

What stands out
  • The Research Triangle, Charlotte banking and the Triad are three separate job markets; the Triangle's Raleigh-Cary metro pays the state's best cost-adjusted wage.
  • Net domestic migration of +7.6 per thousand ranks #3, with Florida the biggest source and South Carolina, oddly, the biggest destination.
  • Coast to mountains in one state: hurricanes hit Wilmington and the Outer Banks, and Helene showed that Asheville's mountain valleys flood too.

Where does North Carolina rank in each category?

All 11 categories that make up the composite, heaviest weight first. North Carolina is top 10 in 2 and bottom 10 in 0.

CategoryScoreRankGradeWeightUS avgThe numbers behind it
Economy43.2#29 of 50C+15%47.1Its unemployment rate is 3.8% and median household income is $73,958.
Safety63.1#33 of 50C+12%68.9The FBI estimates 330.3 violent crimes and 1,779.9 property crimes per 100,000 residents.
Health46.6#32 of 50C+12%54.4Life expectancy is 75.9 years, 34.5% of adults have obesity, and 8.6% of residents are uninsured.
Education60.6#26 of 50B12%57.5Eighth graders average 276 in NAEP math and 255 in reading, and the high school graduation rate is 86.4%.
Affordability73.8#21 of 50B10%65.2Typical home value $334,773 (4.5x median income); cost of living index 94.3 (100 = US); center-based infant care $13,916 a year.
Fiscal Health71.5#6 of 50A8%58.1It carries $1,540 of debt per resident, has 95% of pensions funded, and holds a AAA credit rating.
Growth65.6#3 of 50A+7%38.8Population grew 1.32% last year; Census net domestic migration is +7.6 per 1,000 residents (the Moving section below uses IRS household counts, a different series).
Transportation48.2#28 of 50C+7%49.8The average commute is 25.7 minutes, 0.8% of workers use public transit, and 15.4% work from home.
Livability34.5#21 of 50B7%34.3It has 1.734 restaurants and 0.017 arts venues per 1,000 residents, plus 0.088 bars and 0.048 social associations per 1,000.
Outdoor Access13.5#37 of 50C6%29.49.3% of its land is public, with 1.95 recreation facilities per 10,000 residents.
Environment34.6#35 of 50C4%42.5Its median air quality index is 41, 13% of its electricity is renewable, and its FEMA disaster risk score is 24.

Weight, US average and the evidence sentence for each category are shown on wider screens.

Grades follow rank, not score: A+ for ranks 1–5, A for 6–10, B+ for 11–18, B for 19–26, C+ for 27–34, C for 35–42, D for 43–48, F for 49–50. US avg is the mean score of the 50 states. Click a category for its 50-state ranking.

Category shape

North Carolina's 11 category scores. A balanced state fills the wheel evenly; North Carolina bulges toward growth and dips at outdoor access.

How expensive is North Carolina?

North Carolina's cost of living index is 94.3 against a national baseline of 100, 6% below the national average and #21 of 50 (1 = cheapest). The typical home is worth $334,773 (9% below the national average); buying it takes an income of about $87,803, $13,845 more than the median household earns. Inside the state the spread is wide: among tracked cities, Rocky Mount is cheapest (index 88) and Wake Forest priciest (98.2).

Housing market snapshot · August

Cold market
Typical home value
$334,773
0.0% in 1 yr · +23.2% in 5 yr · national $369K
Mortgage payment
$1,722/mo
P&I, 20% down, current rates
Income needed
$88K
median earns $74K (+19%)
Rent, Charlotte
$1,749/mo
renting cheaper by $229 vs. a $1,978 metro payment
Price cuts · days
29% · 59
national 26% · 53 days

Ranked #27 of 50 most expensive by typical value and #26 on price relative to income (1 = most affordable). The median household is $13,845 short of the income needed to buy the typical home.

Full North Carolina housing market: 26-year chart, rent vs. buy, cities →

What a household keeps at $75,000

HouseholdNorth CarolinaMedian stateRank
Family of fourTwo adults, two kids, one in daycare−$8,560−$11,758#22 of 50
Single adultOne-bedroom rent, no childcare+$32,784+$31,418#24 of 50
Retiree coupleOwn the home, no payroll tax+$37,308+$35,970#22 of 50

Take-home pay minus housing, childcare, utilities, groceries and transport for a $75,000 household, from the affordability engine. Positive = money left over; negative = costs exceed take-home. Rank 1 = most left over.

Electricity price
14.02¢/kWh
#17 of 50 · US 17.84¢/kWh
Natural gas price
$16.42/Mcf
#29 of 50 · US $15.83/Mcf
Gasoline price
$3.18/gal
#23 of 50 · US $3.32/gal
Price level for goods
96.6
#28 of 50 · US 100
Center-based infant care, per year
$13,916
#18 of 50 · US $15,633
Editor's note

Cheap is relative in North Carolina. The index runs 6% below the national average, a bargain for arriving New Yorkers and Floridians and less of one for households earning the state median of $73,958, 9% below the national median. Apex, Cary and Chapel Hill price like Northern Virginia; Rocky Mount, Fayetteville and Greenville cost half as much. What newcomers miss is wind and flood insurance east of Raleigh, HOA dues in new subdivisions, and a long air-conditioning season at 14.02 cents per kWh. For a family of four, the $75,000 budget here ends at a $8,560 shortfall, $3,198 above the national median.

  • Run your own budget for North Carolina →
  • North Carolina housing market →
  • Housing rankings →

What are taxes like in North Carolina?

North Carolina's tax mix is middle of the pack on income, property and sales taxes. The total state and local tax burden comes to 8.18% of income, 0.6 points below the national average (#16 of 50, 1 = lightest). Property tax is 0.73% of home value (#16), and combined sales tax averages 7% (#27).

Total tax burden
8.18%
#16 of 50 · US 8.74%
Top income tax rate
4.25%
#16 of 50 · US avg 5.46%
Effective property tax
0.73%
#16 of 50 · US 1.02%
Combined sales tax
7%
#27 of 50 · US 6.66%

Tax Foundation (rates) and WalletHub tax burden study (burden as a share of income), latest releases. Rank 1 = lowest. Income tax is the top marginal rate including typical local taxes where they apply.

Can the state pay its bills?

Credit rating
AAA
S&P / Moody's
Rainy-day fund
10.8%
of spending · #22 of 50
Pensions funded
95%
of obligations · #4 of 50
Debt per resident
$1,540
state debt · #3 of 50

Fiscal health scores 71.5 out of 100, #6 of 50. Pew Fiscal 50, Census state finances and the rating agencies, latest releases.

Editor's note

North Carolina's tax mix is middle of the pack on income, property and sales taxes, and the distinctive feature is a flat income tax: one rate of 4.25% above the standard deduction and no local income taxes. A high earner from New York notices immediately; a low earner gets less from a flat rate than a graduated one. Social Security is exempt, but pensions and retirement withdrawals are taxed. Homeowners pay an effective 0.73%, 0.3 points below the national average, with vehicles taxed annually. Groceries skip the state sales tax but carry a small local one.

  • Fiscal health rankings →
  • Best states for retirees →

Is North Carolina safe?

North Carolina reports 330 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, 1% above the national average and #30 of 50 (1 = safest). Property crime runs 1,780 per 100,000, 16% above the national average (#38 of 50). The safety score is 63.1 out of 100, #33 of 50; among tracked cities, Apex has the lowest violent crime rate.

North Carolina vs. the United States, per 100,000 residents

Violent crime#30 of 50
NC
330
US
328
Property crime#38 of 50
NC
1,780
US
1,535

FBI state crime estimates, latest release. US is the mean of the 50 states; blue = below it, terracotta = above it. Florida and North Dakota use the FBI's prior-year estimate because their latest year is based on limited data.

Safest tracked cities in North Carolina

CityPopulationViolent / 100KProperty / 100K
Apex70,63053801
Cary179,30675966
Wake Forest52,844851,021
Chapel Hill61,607861,779
Huntersville63,9691151,097

Lowest violent crime among the 22 North Carolina cities we track with 50,000 or more residents. City rates come from each city's police agency and are not strictly comparable across agencies.

Editor's note

North Carolina's violent crime rate of 330 per hundred thousand is 1% above the national average, a blend of two very different states. The Triangle suburbs are among the safest places in the South: Apex posts the lowest violent crime rate among tracked cities, with Cary close behind. Greensboro, Winston-Salem, High Point and Fayetteville run well above the national average; Durham and Charlotte sit between. Check the city, and inside Charlotte check the neighborhood.

  • Safety rankings →
  • Best states for families →

What is the job market like in North Carolina?

North Carolina's unemployment rate is 3.8%, 0.2 points below the national average and #20 of 50 (1 = lowest), and the median household earns $73,958, 9% below the national median. Real GDP grew +2.8% in the latest year (#9 of 50) and GDP per capita is $59,614, 7% below the national average. The population is growing 1.32% a year, 0.8 points above the national average. The economy score is 43.2 out of 100, #29 of 50.

Median household income
$73,958
#36 of 50 · US $80,903
Unemployment rate
3.8%
#20 of 50 · US 3.95%
GDP per capita
$59,614
#31 of 50 · US $64,333
Real GDP growth
+2.8%
#9 of 50 · US +1.91%
Population growth
+1.32%
#3 of 50 · US +0.51%

Census Bureau ACS (income), BLS LAUS (unemployment), BEA (GDP), Census population estimates (growth), latest releases.

Highest-paying tracked occupations in North Carolina, adjusted for cost of living

OccupationCost-adjustedMedian wageMetro
Family Medicine Physicians$253,141$237,953Raleigh-Cary
Lawyers$162,154$152,425Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia
Software Developers$143,951$135,314Raleigh-Cary
Computer Systems Analysts$112,863$106,091Raleigh-Cary
General & Operations Managers$112,060$105,336Raleigh-Cary

BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release, for the 20 occupations we track. Cost-adjusted wage divides the metro median by its cost of living index.

Editor's note

Three metros carry the state. Charlotte is the second-largest banking center in the country; the Research Triangle runs on Duke, UNC and NC State, pharma and tech in the Park, and state government; the Triad is manufacturing and logistics. family medicine physicians in Raleigh-Cary earn $237,953, the top cost-adjusted wage of any tracked metro here. Fort Bragg and Camp Lejeune are their own economies. The east is hogs and tobacco, with wages to match. Unemployment is 3.8%; the growth sits in three places.

  • Economy rankings →
  • Wages by occupation and metro →

How are North Carolina's schools and healthcare?

North Carolina's education score is 60.6 out of 100, #26 of 50. Eighth graders average 276 in NAEP math (#20 of 50) and 255 in reading (#35 of 50), and the high school graduation rate is 86.4%, 0.8 points above the national average (#25 of 50).

Education score
60.6
#26 of 50 · US 57.5
Graduation rate
86.4%
#25 of 50 · US 85.6%
NAEP math, grade 8
276
#20 of 50 · US 273 · grade 4: 239
NAEP reading, grade 8
255
#35 of 50 · US 257 · grade 4: 213

Best public school cities we track, by graduation rate

CityGrad rateStudents / teacherPer pupil
Chapel Hill93%13.4$16,963
Wake Forest91.1%16.8$10,753
Raleigh91%14.4$11,648

NCES Common Core of Data and School District Finance Survey, latest release. Cities with at least three schools.

Editor's note

North Carolina ranks #26 for education and graduates 86.4% of its students, 0.8 points above the national average. Districts are county-wide, so Wake and Charlotte-Mecklenburg are among the country's largest, and a good school is a matter of address and assignment. Among tracked cities the top graduation rate is in Chapel Hill. Charters and a voucher program open to every income mean families shop across three systems.

  • Education rankings →

North Carolina is #32 of 50 for health, with a life expectancy of 75.9 years, 1.0 years below the national average. 34.5% of adults have obesity (#27 of 50) and 8.6% of residents have no health insurance (#35 of 50). The health score is 46.6 out of 100, weighted 12% of the composite.

Health score
46.6
#32 of 50 · US 54.4
Life expectancy
75.9 years
#35 of 50 · US 76.9 years
Adults with obesity
34.5%
#27 of 50 · US 34%
Uninsured
8.6%
#35 of 50 · US 7.6%

CDC National Center for Health Statistics (state life tables), CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (obesity), and Census Bureau American Community Survey (health insurance), latest releases.

Editor's note

North Carolina ranks #32 for health with life expectancy of 75.9 years, 1.0 years below the national average. The hospitals are the strength: Duke, UNC and Atrium are national systems, one reason retirees pick the Triangle. The weakness is the east and the far west, where rural hospitals have closed and diabetes and obesity run high. Medicaid expansion brought coverage to those same counties. Beach and mountain movers should check the drive to a hospital.

  • Health rankings →

Who is moving to North Carolina, and who is leaving?

North Carolina gained a net 39,118 households from other states in the latest IRS release: 170,751 moved in and 131,633 moved out, +3.5 per 1,000 residents (#3 of 50). Arriving households report an average income of $80,162 against $74,288 for those leaving. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, which counts people rather than households, shows a net +58.6K people (299.8K in, 241.2K out, ±21.5K), consistent with the IRS direction.

Households moving in
170,751
top origin Florida
Households moving out
131,633
top destination South Carolina
Net per 1,000 residents
+3.5
#3 of 50 · +39,118 households
Avg income, arrivals
$80,162
leavers $74,288 · arrivals earn more

Where they come from

  1. 1Florida20,553 · $77,338
  2. 2South Carolina15,305 · $65,426
  3. 3Virginia15,148 · $79,449
  4. 4New York13,811 · $76,363
  5. 5California9,978 · $97,377

Households and their average income. Click a state to compare it head to head; households arrived from these states in the latest IRS release.

Where they go

  1. 1South Carolina18,026 · $84,221
  2. 2Florida14,530 · $96,279
  3. 3Virginia12,599 · $68,808
  4. 4Georgia8,487 · $69,546
  5. 5Texas8,387 · $71,235

Households and their average income. Click a state to compare it head to head; households left for these states in the latest IRS release.

Editor's note

North Carolina gains people faster than almost any state: 170,751 arrived and 131,633 left, a net of +39,118. Florida sends the most, and arrivals report $80,162 against $74,288 for departures. The odd part is that South Carolina is also the top destination, consistent with retirees and Charlotte-area buyers crossing into York County for the property tax. Northeasterners arrive for the Triangle and Charlotte; Carolinians trade down across the line.

  • All North Carolina migration flows →
  • State-by-state migration →

Where should you live in North Carolina?

By composite score, the best of the 22 North Carolina cities we track are Apex (74.9), Cary (71.2), and Wake Forest (69.2). Rocky Mount is the cheapest (cost index 88), Apex the richest ($144,135), and Apex the fastest growing (+6.1% a year). City ranks are among the 22 North Carolina cities we cover, not every city in the state.

Standout cities in North Carolina

Best forCityMeasure
SafestApex53 violent crimes per 100K
CheapestRocky Mountcost of living index 88
Most walkableAshevillewalkability 14.3 of 20
Cleanest airGreenvillemedian AQI 37 (county)
Best schoolsChapel Hill93% graduation rate
RichestApex$144,135

Among the 22 North Carolina cities we track. Safest uses a full year of FBI reports from the city's own police agency; air quality is measured by county, so cities in the same county share a reading.

Editor's note

Regions of North Carolina

Research Triangle (Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill, Cary, Apex)

Universities, pharma, tech and state government; the fastest growth and the highest prices in the state, with the best schools and the lowest crime in the western Wake suburbs.

RaleighDurhamChapel HillCaryApex
Charlotte metro

Banking, an airport hub and sprawl in every direction; Huntersville and Concord are the suburbs, Gastonia the cheaper edge, and South Carolina begins twenty minutes south of uptown.

CharlotteHuntersvilleConcordKannapolisGastonia
The Triad (Greensboro, Winston-Salem, High Point, Burlington)

Manufacturing towns with universities, the lowest home prices of the three big metros, and higher crime rates than the Triangle.

GreensboroWinston-SalemHigh PointBurlington
The coast and the east

Wilmington and the beaches on one side, Fort Bragg, Camp Lejeune and farm country on the other; cheap outside the beach towns, hot, hurricane-exposed, and far from the growth.

WilmingtonJacksonvilleFayettevilleGreenvilleRocky Mount
The mountains

Asheville and the Blue Ridge draw retirees and tourists with cool summers and expensive houses; the surrounding counties are poorer, and Helene showed how exposed the valleys are.

Asheville

All 22 tracked cities, best to worst

#CityGradeScorePopulationIncomeViolent / 100KCost index
1Apex
A+
74.970,630$144,1355398.2
2Cary
A+
71.2179,306$134,9057598.2
3Wake Forest
A+
69.252,844$123,8028598.2
4Huntersville
A+
68.063,969$120,51611597.3
5Chapel Hill
A
65.161,607$85,9898697.6
6Raleigh
B+
61.2481,031$85,39539598.2
7Concord
B+
60.8108,719$86,92111797.3
8Mooresville
B+
60.552,381$89,64724797.3
9Kannapolis
B
57.957,890$73,83617097.3
10Durham
B
57.4291,467$81,61950797.6
11Charlotte
B
56.3903,844$82,06855997.3
12Wilmington
B
55.7120,805$66,73840696.4
13Jacksonville
C+
53.471,279$57,69722892.1
14High Point
C+
53.3116,245$64,56152192.9
15Asheville
C
51.794,535$71,10275396.5
16Greensboro
C
49.7301,198$61,51570292.9
17Greenville
C
49.692,857$49,74844988.4
18Burlington
D
48.159,610$56,88064093.2
19Winston-Salem
D
47.8252,037$59,26874492
20Gastonia
D
47.382,884$64,05988997.3
21Fayetteville
D
46.8210,815$58,40761492
22Rocky Mount
D
44.454,297$55,53467288

Swipe the table sideways for more columns. Rank is among the 22 North Carolina cities we track: every city of 50,000 or more, plus the state's other largest places. City scores use city-level Census, FBI, BLS, CDC, EPA and NCES data, and a category with no city data is left out of the score rather than filled with the state's figure.

Best cities in North Carolina for…

#CityScoreEducationSafetyAffordability
1Apex71.054.297.651.4
2Cary69.854.995.153.2
3Wake Forest68.553.294.059.4
4Chapel Hill67.472.988.453.6
5Huntersville66.149.091.557.1
All North Carolina cities for families →Best states for families →
  • All 1,312 cities →

Who is North Carolina best for?

The same 11 category scores, re-weighted for six kinds of household. Rank is among the 50 states; click through for the best North Carolina cities for each.

Families
#28of 50
Best North Carolina cities →
Retirees
#21of 50
Best North Carolina cities →
Remote Workers
#17of 50
Best North Carolina cities →
Young Professionals
#14of 50
Best North Carolina cities →
Small Business
#9of 50
Best North Carolina cities →
Outdoor Enthusiasts
#34of 50
Best North Carolina cities →
North Carolina fits
  • Northeasterners chasing a paycheck that goes further: arriving households report $80,162 and the cost index is 94.3.
  • Tech and pharma workers: the Triangle's Raleigh-Cary metro pays the state's top cost-adjusted wage, $237,953 for family medicine physicians.
  • Retirees who want big hospitals and a moderate winter: ranked #21 for retirees, with Social Security untaxed and a retiree couple at $75,000 coming out at a $37,308 surplus.
North Carolina does not fit
  • Families choosing on schools and safety alone: ranked #28 for families, with education #26 and violent crime 1% above the national average.
  • Hikers who expect Colorado: public land covers 9.3% of the state and outdoor access ranks #37, Blue Ridge or not.
  • Anyone who won't drive: 0.8% of commuters use transit and the Triangle's job centers are miles apart.

Weights differ by household: families lean on education, safety and housing; retirees on fiscal health, healthcare and cost. See the weights →

How does North Carolina compare with its neighbors?

North Carolina ranks #23. Among its bordering states, Virginia ranks highest (#15) and South Carolina lowest (#36). Tennessee is the most similar on the composite score and South Carolina the most different. Bordering states are listed best to worst; the national line is the mean of the 50 states.

StateOverallScoreMedian incomeTypical homeCost indexViolent crimeTax burdenCompare
North Carolina#2359.1$73,958$334,77394.33308.18%
Virginia#1567.7$92,090$414,662101.12068.86%Compare →
Tennessee#2457.1$71,997$334,10891.94926.38%Compare →
Georgia#2655.4$79,991$330,81796.32978.47%Compare →
South Carolina#3649.0$72,350$306,32393.73888.15%Compare →
United States—57.9$80,903$368,6971003288.74%

Overall rank, median income, cost index and tax burden columns are shown on wider screens.

People also compare
North Carolina vs. Florida →North Carolina vs. New York →
Other South states
  • Florida#21
  • Texas#32
  • Alabama#37
  • Kentucky#41
  • Oklahoma#43
  • West Virginia#44
  • Mississippi#46
  • Arkansas#48
  • Louisiana#50
Editor's note

North Carolina versus South Carolina is the daily argument in Charlotte, where Fort Mill and Rock Hill sit across the line with lower property taxes. The flow with Virginia runs both ways, with Richmond and Hampton Roads retirees coming down for prices. Tennessee's no-income-tax status pulls a few over the mountains.

  • Compare North Carolina with any state →

How the score works

Eleven categories, each scored 0–100 and weighted into one composite. Grades follow rank.

The weights

Economy 15% · Safety 12% · Health 12% · Education 12% · Affordability 10% · Fiscal Health 8% · Growth 7% · Transportation 7% · Livability 7% · Outdoor Access 6% · Environment 4%. The composite is the weighted sum, stretched linearly so states spread across most of the 0–100 range.

From raw numbers to scores

Every raw measure is placed on a 0–100 scale between a fixed floor and ceiling, inverted where lower is better (crime, cost, taxes), then combined within its category. The same scale applies to every state.

Letter grades

Grades follow rank, not score: A+ for ranks 1–5, A for 6–10, B+ for 11–18, B for 19–26, C+ for 27–34, C for 35–42, D for 43–48, F for 49–50. A C+ state is not failing; it is in the middle third.

Cities, budgets and neighbors

The 22 North Carolina city scores, the household budgets and the neighbor table on this page are computed from the same sources as the state score. City ranks are among the cities we track, not all cities in the state.

Editor's notes

Passages marked as editor's notes are written for this state and add context the numbers cannot: regions, tradeoffs, who the state fits. Every figure inside them is pulled from the data at build time, so the words cannot drift from the numbers.

Always the latest release

Each source is the most recent release its agency has published. The page is rebuilt when a source updates, so the score can move without any change in the state itself.

What the score cannot tell you

Weather and climate, culture and pace, politics beyond the Cook index shown for context, the quality of a specific school, hospital or neighborhood, job prospects in your field, and anything without a public, comparable, 50-state source. Statewide averages also hide the metro-versus-rural split, which is why the editor's notes name places.

Category briefs

Economy: Unemployment rate and median household income. Safety: Violent and property crime rates per 100,000 residents. Health: Health outcomes, behaviors, and access to care. Education: K-12 school quality, test scores, and graduation rates. Full methodology →

Key takeaways

What the North Carolina numbers say when read together.

  1. 01

    Growth is North Carolina's strongest suit

    North Carolina is a #23 state overall but #3 of 50 for growth, 20 places better than its composite rank, with a score of 65.6 against a national average of 38.8. Fiscal Health (#6) is next. Growth carries 7% of the composite.

  2. 02

    Outdoor Access is where North Carolina falls furthest behind

    North Carolina ranks #37 of 50 for outdoor access, 14 places below its overall #23, with a score of 13.5 against a national average of 29.4. At 6% of the composite, it is the category holding the overall score down most.

  3. 03

    Typical home value is 9% below the national average

    North Carolina's typical home value is $334,773, 9% below the national average of $368,697, #24 of 50 (1 = cheapest). The largest gap in the other direction is median household income: $73,958, 9% below the national median. Source: Zillow Research ZHVI, latest release.

  4. 04

    More households arrive than leave

    North Carolina ranks #3 of 50 on net household flow per 1,000 residents (+3.5). The households arriving report $5,874 more in average income than those leaving ($80,162 against $74,288), so the state is trading up on income even as the headcount grows. The largest source is Florida; the largest destination is South Carolina.

  5. 05

    A middle income is squeezed less here than in most states

    A family of four earning $75,000 ends the year at a $8,560 shortfall after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transport and taxes, against a $11,758 shortfall in the median state (#22 of 50). A single adult on the same income comes out at a $32,784 surplus; a retiree couple at a $37,308 surplus. Infant childcare runs $13,916 a year, 11% below the national average.

  6. 06

    North Carolina sits 2nd among its 5-state neighborhood

    1 of North Carolina's 4 bordering states ranks above its #23; the closest match on the composite is Tennessee. Median income among them runs from $71,997 in Tennessee to $92,090 in Virginia; North Carolina is at $73,958.

Editor's note

The tradeoff

+Population growth of +1.32% and net migration ranked #3 mean jobs and buyers keep arriving.

−Home price-to-income of 4.5x means those buyers outbid the locals who earn $73,958.

+A flat income tax of 4.25% and a pension system 95% funded, so no tax surprises are pending.

−Sales tax of 7% and taxed retirement withdrawals mean the state still gets its share.

+Electricity at 14.02 cents per kWh is #17 cheapest, and gasoline runs $3.18 per gallon.

−Transit carries 0.8% of commuters, so those cheap kilowatt-hours power a two-car household.

Frequently asked questions about living in North Carolina

Is North Carolina a good place to live?

North Carolina ranks #23 of 50 with a B grade, #3 of 14 in the South. It is top 10 in growth and fiscal health. On the six headline measures it beats the national figure on 4 of 6 (home prices, cost of living, unemployment, and tax burden) and trails on income and violent crime. Whether that adds up to a good place to live depends on what you weigh; the household rankings below re-weight the same numbers for families, retirees and remote workers.

Where does North Carolina rank among US states?

North Carolina ranks #23 of 50 overall with a composite score of 59.1 (grade B), and #3 of 14 states in the South. Its best category rank is #3 (growth) and its worst #37 (outdoor access). The composite weights eleven categories, with economy, safety, health and education counting most; grades follow rank, so B means rank 19–26.

Is it expensive to live in North Carolina?

At #21 of 50 for cost of living (1 = cheapest), North Carolina is 6% below the national average: its index is 94.3 against a national baseline of 100. The typical home value is $334,773 (9% below the national average), and buying it takes an income of about $87,803 against a median household income of $73,958. At $75,000, a family of four comes out at a $8,560 shortfall after all costs, #22 of 50 (1 = most left over).

Does North Carolina have a state income tax?

Yes. North Carolina's top state income tax rate is 4.25% (#16 of 50, 1 = lowest), and the total state and local tax burden is 8.18% of income, 0.6 points below the national average. Property tax is 0.73% of home value and combined sales tax 7%.

What is the crime rate in North Carolina?

North Carolina reports 330 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, 1% above the national average and #30 of 50 (1 = safest), and 1,780 property crimes per 100,000, 16% above the national average (#38). Its safety score is 63.1 out of 100, #33 of 50. Figures are FBI estimates from the latest release.

Does North Carolina have good schools?

North Carolina is #26 of 50 for education (score 60.6 out of 100). Its public school students average 276 in eighth-grade math on NAEP (#20) and 255 in eighth-grade reading (#35), and the high school graduation rate is 86.4%, 0.8 points above the national average (#25). Among tracked cities with at least three schools, Chapel Hill has the highest graduation rate at 93%.

Why are people moving to North Carolina?

North Carolina gained a net 39,118 households in the latest IRS release: 170,751 moved in and 131,633 moved out, +3.5 per 1,000 residents (#3 of 50). The largest source of arrivals is Florida (20,553 households) and the most common destination is South Carolina (18,026). Arriving households report an average income of $80,162 against $74,288 for those leaving, so movers in earn more than movers out. The IRS files count tax returns and say nothing about motives.

Is North Carolina a red or blue state?

North Carolina is an even split on the Cook Partisan Voting Index. The political lean is shown for context and is not part of the composite score.

Where in North Carolina should I live?

Depends on the paycheck. Tech, pharma or university: the Triangle, with Apex and Cary for families and Durham for a shorter commute. Finance: Charlotte, and look at Fort Mill across the line before buying in Mecklenburg. A budget under the state median: the Triad, where Winston-Salem and Greensboro have cheap houses. Retiring: the Wilmington beaches or the Asheville mountains, both pricier than the state figure.

Does North Carolina get hurricanes?

Yes, and not only on the coast. FEMA rates the state's natural-hazard risk at 24.0, 19% below the national average, which understates the coast: Wilmington, the Outer Banks and the sounds take direct hits. Wind and flood insurance east of Raleigh is the bill newcomers miss. Helene then flooded Asheville and the mountain valleys from the west, so the old rule that the mountains are safe no longer holds.

Why is housing so expensive in North Carolina?

Only relative to local wages. The typical home costs $334,773, 9% below the national average. The price-to-income ratio of 4.5x is above the national 4.6x because arrivals from Florida, New York and California bring $80,162 in income and outbid households earning the state median. The pressure is in Wake and Mecklenburg; the Triad and the east still have plenty of houses under the state figure.

Is North Carolina tax-friendly for retirees?

Halfway. Social Security is not taxed, property tax is low at 0.73%, and counties offer a homestead exclusion for older homeowners under an income limit. But pensions and IRA withdrawals are taxed at the flat 4.25%, with no age-based deduction, which is why Florida, Tennessee and South Carolina keep winning retirees who ran the numbers. At $75,000, a retiree couple comes out at a $37,308 surplus, $1,338 above the national median.

Is North Carolina good for remote workers?

Yes in the metros, less so in the country. 15.4% of workers are at home, #11 nationally, and the state ranks #17 for remote workers. Broadband reaches 93.2% of households, and the gaps are in the rural east and the mountains, where a remote worker would most want to live. Asheville and Wilmington have the fiber; the counties beyond often do not.

What is the weather like in North Carolina year-round?

Three climates. The coast is humid and mild, with hurricane season through the fall. The Piedmont gets long hot summers, a short winter with an ice storm or two, and a pollen-heavy March spring. The mountains run a season cooler: real snow, cool nights, and fall color that fills every Asheville hotel. Air quality is 6% above the national average, with summer ozone in the Piedmont.

All the numbers

Every metric behind North Carolina's 11 category scores, with the national figure beside each. Pick a category.

Median Household Income
$73,958
Census ACS · Nat'l avg: $80,903
Unemployment Rate
3.8%
BLS LAUS · Nat'l avg: 3.9%
Population Growth
+1.32%
Census, year over year · Nat'l avg: +0.5%
43.2Economy Score · National avg: 47.1
Violent Crime Rate
330.3
per 100K · FBI estimate · Nat'l avg: 313
Property Crime Rate
1,779.9
per 100K · FBI estimate · Nat'l avg: 1,475
63.1Safety Score · National avg: 68.9
Life Expectancy
75.9 yr
CDC NCHS · Nat'l avg: 76.9 yr
Adults With Obesity
34.5%
CDC BRFSS · Nat'l avg: 34%
Uninsured
8.6%
Census ACS · Nat'l avg: 7.6%
46.6Health Score · National avg: 54.4
HS Graduation Rate
86.4%
EDFacts · Nat'l avg: 85.6%
NAEP Math, 8th Grade
276
Nation's Report Card · Nat'l avg: 273
NAEP Reading, 8th Grade
255
Nation's Report Card · Nat'l avg: 257
60.6Education Score · National avg: 57.5
GDP Per Capita
$59,614
BEA · Nat'l avg: $64,333
GDP Growth Rate
+2.8%
Real, year over year · Nat'l avg: +1.9%
Credit Rating
AAA
S&P / Moody's, latest
Fiscal Score
71.5
of 100 · Nat'l avg: 58.1
Budget Balance
+6.4%
Surplus · % of revenue · NASBO
State Debt Per Capita
$1,540
Census state finances · Nat'l avg: $3,506
Rainy Day Fund
10.8%
of expenditures · Pew Fiscal 50
Pension Funded Ratio
95%
Pew · Nat'l avg: 74.3%
Tax Burden
8.18%
of income · Nat'l avg: 8.74%
Income Tax Rate
4.25%
Top rate, state + local
Property Tax Rate
0.73%
Effective rate · Nat'l avg: 1.02%
Sales Tax Rate
7%
State + local avg · Nat'l avg: 6.66%
71.5Fiscal Health Score · National avg: 58.1
Typical Home Value
$334,773
Latest month · Nat'l avg: $383,360
Cost of Living Index
94.3
BEA Regional Price Parity · National = 100
Price-to-Income Ratio
4.5x
Home value ÷ median income · Nat'l avg: 4.6x
Electricity
14.02¢/kWh
EIA
Natural Gas
$16.42/Mcf
EIA
Gasoline
$3.18/gal
EIA
Infant Care (Center)
$13,916/yr
Child Care Aware of America
Goods Prices
96.6
BEA price level for goods · US = 100
73.8Affordability Score · National avg: 65.2
Air Quality Index
41
EPA annual median · Nat'l avg: 38.8
Renewable Energy
13%
EIA, % of electricity · Nat'l avg: 29%
Natural Disaster Risk
24
FEMA NRI per capita · Nat'l avg: 30
34.6Environment Score · National avg: 42.5
Public Land
9.3%
of state area · USGS PAD-US
Recreation Facilities
1.95
per 10K residents · Census CBP
Park Acreage per Capita
0.04
NPS acres per resident
13.5Outdoor Access Score · National avg: 29.4
Mean Commute Time
25.7 min
Mean travel time to work · Census ACS
60+ Min Commute
6.9%
of workers · Census ACS
Drive Alone
71.6%
of commuters · Census ACS
Public Transit Use
0.8%
of commuters · Census ACS
Walk / Bicycle
1.8%
active commuters · Census ACS
Work From Home
15.4%
of workers · Census ACS
Vehicle Miles Traveled
11,854
per capita · FHWA
Carpool Rate
9.1%
of commuters · Census ACS
48.2Transportation Score · National avg: 49.8
Restaurants per 1K
1.734
Census County Business Patterns
Arts & Entertainment
0.017
per 1K residents · Census CBP
Social Associations
0.048
per 1K residents · Census CBP
Bars & Breweries
0.088
per 1K residents · Census CBP
34.5Livability Score · National avg: 34.3
Net Domestic Migration
+7.6
per 1,000 residents · Nat'l avg: +1.1
Migration Trend
Gaining
More people moving in than out
Broadband Subscription
93.2%
Households, any type · Census ACS · Nat'l avg: 92.7%
Households Moving In
170.8K
Top origin: Florida
Households Moving Out
131.6K
Top destination: South Carolina
65.6Growth Score · National avg: 38.8