50
States ranked
1,312
Cities scored
49
Data sources
11
Scoring categories
America’s Dashboard

America's Dashboard ranks and scores all 50 US states and1,312 cities using real government data. Compare economy, safety, health, education, affordability, and more — free, transparent, and updated with the latest federal statistics.

Updated as each source publishes its latest release

Explore

  • All 50 states
  • 1,312 US cities
  • State rankings
  • Best places to live
  • Custom map builder
  • Compare states
  • Affordability
  • Migration flows
  • Career-market fit
  • Data stories

Rankings

  • Economy
  • Safety
  • Health
  • Education
  • Fiscal Health
  • Growth
  • Affordability
  • Environment
  • Outdoor Access
  • Transportation
  • Livability

Best for

  • Families
  • Retirees
  • Remote Workers
  • Young Professionals
  • Small Business
  • Outdoor Enthusiasts

Resources

  • Methodology
  • About
  • Newsroom

Data sources

Rankings are computed from publicly available federal and state government datasets, supplemented by a handful of published indexes (such as the Tax Foundation, Child Care Aware of America and Zillow Research). Figures are used as each source publishes them, including the FBI's own state crime estimates; nothing is synthetic or modeled by us, and every source is cited below.

  • Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS annual averages·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year·
  • FBI Crime Data Explorer, estimated crimes by state·
  • CDC NCHS U.S. State Life Tables·
  • CDC BRFSS·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS (table S2701)·
  • NAEP, The Nation's Report Card·
  • EDFacts adjusted cohort graduation rate (NCES)·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates·
  • Cook Political Report, PVI·
  • Tax Foundation, Facts & Figures·
  • ALEC Rich States Poor States·
  • WalletHub Tax Burden Study·
  • Zillow Research, Zillow Home Value Index·
  • BEA Regional Price Parities·
  • EPA AirData, Median AQI by County·
  • EIA State Electricity Profiles·
  • FEMA National Risk Index·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, Net Domestic Migration·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS Broadband Subscriptions·
  • National Park Service API·
  • USGS Protected Areas Database (PAD-US)·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 1-year Commuting·
  • FHWA Highway Statistics·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns·
  • EIA residential electricity prices·
  • EIA State Energy Data System, motor gasoline prices·
  • EIA Natural Gas Prices, residential·
  • Child Care Aware of America, Price & Supply·
  • Tax Foundation, State Income Tax Rates and Brackets·
  • BEA Regional Price Parities, goods·
  • NCES Common Core of Data (CCD)·
  • EDFacts ACGR Graduation Rates·
  • NCES School District Finance Survey (F-33)·
  • BEA GDP by State (SAGDP9)·
  • NASBO Fiscal Survey of States·
  • Census Bureau State Government Finances·
  • Pew Charitable Trusts Fiscal 50·
  • Pew Charitable Trusts, State Pension Funding·
  • S&P/Moody's via Ballotpedia·
  • Bureau of Labor Statistics, OES·
  • IRS Statistics of Income, State-to-State Migration·
  • U.S. Census Bureau, ACS State-to-State Migration Flows·
  • Zillow Research, Home Values, Rents & Market Metrics·
  • FBI Crime Data Explorer, city police agency reports·
  • CDC PLACES, city health estimates·
  • NOAA U.S. Climate Normals·
  • EPA National Walkability Index
© 2026 America's Dashboard. All rights reserved.Privacy policy·Terms of service·Not affiliated with any government agency.
America’s Dashboard
HousingMigrationStatesCities
Stories
Home/States/Texas

2026 edition·South·Pop. 31,709,821·Capital Austin·28th state, admitted 1845·Cook PVI R+5

Is Texas a Good Place to Live? Texas Rankings, Cost of Living, Crime & Taxes

Texas ranks #32 of 50 with a composite score of 52.2 and a C+ grade, strongest in fiscal health (#5) and weakest in outdoor access (#50). The median household earns $79,721 (1% below the national median), homes typically cost $299,367 (19% below the national average), and violent crime is 345 per 100,000 (5% above the national average).

Editor's verdict
Texas is the state that keeps pulling earners in: its net gain was +56,473 households in one IRS release, more than any other state, on no income tax and +3.8% real GDP growth. Weigh that against an effective property tax of 1.63%, #44 of 50, and Gulf windstorm premiums the cost-of-living index never sees.
Compare Texas with its neighbors →Best cities in Texas →How the score works →
Composite score
52.2C+
#32 of 50 · #6 in the South
Top 10 in
Fiscal Health #5, Growth #9
Middle of the pack
Affordability #20, Education #24, Environment #25, Economy #32, Safety #35, Transportation #38
Bottom 10 in
Health #41, Livability #43, Outdoor Access #50
NumbersNumbersScorecardScoresCostCostTaxesTaxesSafetySafetyJobsJobsSchools & healthSchoolsMovingMovingCitiesCitiesBest forBest forNeighborsNeighborsFAQFAQ
Top ↑

Texas by the numbers

Six measures every state is judged on, each with Texas's rank of 50 and the national figure beside it.

Median household income
$79,721
#24 of 50, 1 = highest · US $80,903
Typical home value
$299,367
#18 of 50, 1 = cheapest · US $368,697
Cost of living index
97.1
#27 of 50, 1 = cheapest · US 100
Violent crime per 100K
345
#31 of 50, 1 = safest · US 328
Unemployment rate
4.2%
#30 of 50, 1 = lowest · US 3.95%
Total tax burden
7.77%
#11 of 50, 1 = lowest · US 8.74%

Sources, latest releases: Census Bureau ACS (income), Zillow Research (home value), BEA Regional Price Parities (cost index), FBI state crime estimates (crime), BLS LAUS (unemployment), WalletHub tax burden study (taxes). Rank 1 is the best value in each measure: highest income, lowest cost, lowest crime.

→Read the Texas overview

Texas scores above the national average in 4 of 11 categories and ranks #6 of 14 states in the South, behind 5 regional neighbors. Its biggest edge over the country is typical home value ($299,367, 19% below the national average); its biggest shortfall is unemployment rate (4.2%, 0.3 points above the national average). That mix of top-10 finishes (2) and bottom-10 finishes (3) is why the composite alone undersells the tradeoffs a mover here faces.

What stands out
  • No income tax, paid for by property tax at 1.63% and sales tax at 8.2%; the homestead exemption is every new homeowner's first lesson.
  • +3.8% real GDP growth (#2) on oil, gas, refining and LNG, plus a Dallas and Austin tech payroll that now competes with the coasts.
  • Public land covers 1.8% of the state (#45), so outdoor access ranks last even with Big Bend and the Hill Country inside the borders.

Where does Texas rank in each category?

All 11 categories that make up the composite, heaviest weight first. Texas is top 10 in 2 and bottom 10 in 3.

CategoryScoreRankGradeWeightUS avgThe numbers behind it
Economy42.5#32 of 50C+15%47.1Its unemployment rate is 4.2% and median household income is $79,721.
Safety61.8#35 of 50C12%68.9The FBI estimates 344.9 violent crimes and 1,786 property crimes per 100,000 residents.
Health37.7#41 of 50C12%54.4Life expectancy is 77.1 years, 35.6% of adults have obesity, and 16.7% of residents are uninsured.
Education60.7#24 of 50B12%57.5Eighth graders average 269 in NAEP math and 252 in reading, and the high school graduation rate is 89.7%.
Affordability74.4#20 of 50B10%65.2Typical home value $299,367 (3.8x median income); cost of living index 97.1 (100 = US); center-based infant care $10,894 a year.
Fiscal Health72.2#5 of 50A+8%58.1It carries $1,850 of debt per resident, has 76% of pensions funded, and holds a AAA credit rating.
Growth51.7#9 of 50A7%38.8Population grew 1.25% last year; Census net domestic migration is +2.1 per 1,000 residents (the Moving section below uses IRS household counts, a different series).
Transportation43.7#38 of 50C7%49.8The average commute is 27.5 minutes, 1% of workers use public transit, and 12.9% work from home.
Livability23.6#43 of 50D7%34.3It has 1.677 restaurants and 0.015 arts venues per 1,000 residents, plus 0.094 bars and 0.044 social associations per 1,000.
Outdoor Access4.7#50 of 50F6%29.41.8% of its land is public, with 1.69 recreation facilities per 10,000 residents.
Environment40.8#25 of 50B4%42.5Its median air quality index is 43, 37% of its electricity is renewable, and its FEMA disaster risk score is 24.

Weight, US average and the evidence sentence for each category are shown on wider screens.

Grades follow rank, not score: A+ for ranks 1–5, A for 6–10, B+ for 11–18, B for 19–26, C+ for 27–34, C for 35–42, D for 43–48, F for 49–50. US avg is the mean score of the 50 states. Click a category for its 50-state ranking.

Category shape

Texas's 11 category scores. A balanced state fills the wheel evenly; Texas bulges toward fiscal health and dips at outdoor access.

How expensive is Texas?

Texas's cost of living index is 97.1 against a national baseline of 100, 3% below the national average and #27 of 50 (1 = cheapest). The typical home is worth $299,367 (19% below the national average); buying it takes an income of about $88,061, $8,340 more than the median household earns. Inside the state the spread is wide: among tracked cities, McAllen is cheapest (index 85.9) and Grapevine priciest (103.1).

Housing market snapshot · August

Cool market
Typical home value
$299,367
-1.6% in 1 yr · +11.1% in 5 yr · national $369K
Mortgage payment
$1,540/mo
P&I, 20% down, current rates
Income needed
$88K
median earns $80K (+11%)
Rent, Dallas
$1,659/mo
renting cheaper by $195 vs. a $1,854 metro payment
Price cuts · days
28% · 76
national 26% · 53 days

Ranked #33 of 50 most expensive by typical value and #18 on price relative to income (1 = most affordable). The median household is $8,340 short of the income needed to buy the typical home.

Full Texas housing market: 26-year chart, rent vs. buy, cities →

What a household keeps at $75,000

HouseholdTexasMedian stateRank
Family of fourTwo adults, two kids, one in daycare−$144−$11,758#9 of 50
Single adultOne-bedroom rent, no childcare+$35,541+$31,418#13 of 50
Retiree coupleOwn the home, no payroll tax+$39,506+$35,970#15 of 50

Take-home pay minus housing, childcare, utilities, groceries and transport for a $75,000 household, from the affordability engine. Positive = money left over; negative = costs exceed take-home. Rank 1 = most left over.

Electricity price
15.47¢/kWh
#28 of 50 · US 17.84¢/kWh
Natural gas price
$19.42/Mcf
#44 of 50 · US $15.83/Mcf
Gasoline price
$2.88/gal
#1 of 50 · US $3.32/gal
Price level for goods
98.1
#34 of 50 · US 100
Center-based infant care, per year
$10,894
#8 of 50 · US $15,633
Editor's note

Texas costs about the national average (97.1 on the index) and well under it on a house, typical home $299,367, 19% below the national average. Frisco and Plano price like a coastal suburb; El Paso, Brownsville and the Valley cost a third less. The bills newcomers miss are tied to the house: property tax can run past the mortgage interest, wind and hail coverage gets steep within reach of the Gulf, and summer electricity. A family of four at $75,000 ends the year at a $144 shortfall, #9 of 50, $11,614 above the national median.

  • Run your own budget for Texas →
  • Texas housing market →
  • Housing rankings →

What are taxes like in Texas?

Texas has no state income tax; instead it leans on high property tax, with sales tax in the middle of the pack. The total state and local tax burden comes to 7.77% of income, 1.0 points below the national average (#11 of 50, 1 = lightest). Property tax is 1.63% of home value (#44), and combined sales tax averages 8.2% (#37).

Total tax burden
7.77%
#11 of 50 · US 8.74%
Top income tax rate
None
No state income tax
Effective property tax
1.63%
#44 of 50 · US 1.02%
Combined sales tax
8.2%
#37 of 50 · US 6.66%

Tax Foundation (rates) and WalletHub tax burden study (burden as a share of income), latest releases. Rank 1 = lowest. Income tax is the top marginal rate including typical local taxes where they apply.

Can the state pay its bills?

Credit rating
AAA
S&P / Moody's
Rainy-day fund
17.8%
of spending · #6 of 50
Pensions funded
76%
of obligations · #22 of 50
Debt per resident
$1,850
state debt · #8 of 50

Fiscal health scores 72.2 out of 100, #5 of 50. Pew Fiscal 50, Census state finances and the rating agencies, latest releases.

Editor's note

The mix is no income tax, high property tax, with sales tax in the middle of the pack, and who it helps depends on what you own. A high-salary Austin renter keeps the full income-tax saving. A homeowner gives much of it back at 1.63%, 0.6 points above the national average, though the homestead exemption trims the school portion and over-sixty-five owners get more plus a school-tax ceiling. A retiree pays nothing on retirement income, then meets a 8.2% sales tax on everything except groceries and prescriptions. The burden lands at 7.77%, #11 lowest; the pitch holds least for the biggest houses.

  • Fiscal health rankings →
  • Best states for retirees →

Is Texas safe?

Texas reports 345 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, 5% above the national average and #31 of 50 (1 = safest). Property crime runs 1,786 per 100,000, 16% above the national average (#39 of 50). The safety score is 61.8 out of 100, #35 of 50; among tracked cities, Flower Mound has the lowest violent crime rate.

Texas vs. the United States, per 100,000 residents

Violent crime#31 of 50
TX
345
US
328
Property crime#39 of 50
TX
1,786
US
1,535

FBI state crime estimates, latest release. US is the mean of the 50 states; blue = below it, terracotta = above it. Florida and North Dakota use the FBI's prior-year estimate because their latest year is based on limited data.

Safest tracked cities in Texas

CityPopulationViolent / 100KProperty / 100K
Flower Mound78,38942571
League City116,215601,072
Sugar Land110,016731,222
Allen110,26579709
Wylie60,33481604

Lowest violent crime among the 74 Texas cities we track with 50,000 or more residents. City rates come from each city's police agency and are not strictly comparable across agencies.

Editor's note

Violent crime runs 5% above the national average at 345 per hundred thousand, and nearly all of that gap is the big-city core. Houston, Dallas and San Antonio carry rates several times those of their own suburbs. Cross a city line into Collin County and Flower Mound posts the lowest violent crime of any tracked city. Corpus Christi and Lubbock run high for their size. Judge safety by the suburb, not the state.

  • Safety rankings →
  • Best states for families →

What is the job market like in Texas?

Texas's unemployment rate is 4.2%, 0.3 points above the national average and #30 of 50 (1 = lowest), and the median household earns $79,721, 1% below the national median. Real GDP grew +3.8% in the latest year (#2 of 50) and GDP per capita is $68,820, 7% above the national average. The population is growing 1.25% a year, 0.7 points above the national average. The economy score is 42.5 out of 100, #32 of 50.

Median household income
$79,721
#24 of 50 · US $80,903
Unemployment rate
4.2%
#30 of 50 · US 3.95%
GDP per capita
$68,820
#14 of 50 · US $64,333
Real GDP growth
+3.8%
#2 of 50 · US +1.91%
Population growth
+1.25%
#4 of 50 · US +0.51%

Census Bureau ACS (income), BLS LAUS (unemployment), BEA (GDP), Census population estimates (growth), latest releases.

Highest-paying tracked occupations in Texas, adjusted for cost of living

OccupationCost-adjustedMedian wageMetro
Family Medicine Physicians$254,682$247,042Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington
Lawyers$166,195$161,209Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown
Software Developers$162,398$157,526Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown
General & Operations Managers$116,809$113,305Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land
Computer Systems Analysts$114,573$111,136Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown

BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release, for the 20 occupations we track. Cost-adjusted wage divides the metro median by its cost of living index.

Editor's note

Energy sets the tempo. Houston runs upstream, refining and petrochemicals; the Permian Basin drives the boom-and-bust cycle for Midland and Odessa. Dallas-Fort Worth is the finance, logistics and headquarters engine, and Austin is the software one. San Antonio leans on the military and health care. Cost-adjusted, family medicine physicians in Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington out-earn every other tracked occupation, at $247,042. Unemployment sits at 4.2%, 0.3 points above the national average, as the labor force outgrows hiring. Amarillo, Lubbock and the Valley run on agriculture, health care and border trade at lower wages.

  • Economy rankings →
  • Wages by occupation and metro →

How are Texas's schools and healthcare?

Texas's education score is 60.7 out of 100, #24 of 50. Eighth graders average 269 in NAEP math (#34 of 50) and 252 in reading (#44 of 50), and the high school graduation rate is 89.7%, 4.1 points above the national average (#8 of 50).

Education score
60.7
#24 of 50 · US 57.5
Graduation rate
89.7%
#8 of 50 · US 85.6%
NAEP math, grade 8
269
#34 of 50 · US 273 · grade 4: 241
NAEP reading, grade 8
252
#44 of 50 · US 257 · grade 4: 212

Tracked school cities with the smallest classes

CityStudents / teacherPer pupil
Lewisville12.7$12,100
Denton13.1$11,448
Grapevine13.1$10,666

The federal EDFacts file does not publish city-level graduation rates for Texas, so cities are ranked by students per teacher instead. NCES Common Core of Data and School District Finance Survey, latest release; cities with at least three schools.

Editor's note

Texas graduates 89.7% of its high schoolers, #8, yet the education category ranks #24 because test scores lag, with eighth-grade reading at #44. Quality tracks the property tax base: Frisco, Plano, McKinney and the Austin suburbs field the districts families move for. The finance formula pulls property tax from wealthy districts and sends it elsewhere, a system Texans call Robin Hood. Check the district line first.

  • Education rankings →

Texas is #41 of 50 for health, with a life expectancy of 77.1 years, 0.2 years above the national average. 35.6% of adults have obesity (#32 of 50) and 16.7% of residents have no health insurance (#50 of 50). The health score is 37.7 out of 100, weighted 12% of the composite.

Health score
37.7
#41 of 50 · US 54.4
Life expectancy
77.1 years
#27 of 50 · US 76.9 years
Adults with obesity
35.6%
#32 of 50 · US 34%
Uninsured
16.7%
#50 of 50 · US 7.6%

CDC National Center for Health Statistics (state life tables), CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (obesity), and Census Bureau American Community Survey (health insurance), latest releases.

Editor's note

Texas ranks #41 for health and life expectancy is 77.1 years, 0.2 years above the national average. The biggest driver is coverage: Texas has the highest uninsured share, 16.7%, and did not expand Medicaid, so a job without benefits means exposure. Hospital access is strong at the Texas Medical Center in Houston and across the DFW systems, thin across the Panhandle and West Texas, where rural hospitals have closed. Budget for five-month summers.

  • Health rankings →

Who is moving to Texas, and who is leaving?

Texas gained a net 56,473 households from other states in the latest IRS release: 307,240 moved in and 250,767 moved out, +1.8 per 1,000 residents (#12 of 50). Arriving households report an average income of $83,632 against $80,359 for those leaving. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, which counts people rather than households, shows a net +72.7K people (556.2K in, 483.5K out, ±32.4K), consistent with the IRS direction.

Households moving in
307,240
top origin California
Households moving out
250,767
top destination California
Net per 1,000 residents
+1.8
#12 of 50 · +56,473 households
Avg income, arrivals
$83,632
leavers $80,359 · arrivals earn more

Where they come from

  1. 1California44,417 · $107,273
  2. 2Florida24,196 · $70,034
  3. 3Louisiana15,068 · $56,976
  4. 4New York12,961 · $89,975
  5. 5Colorado12,275 · $88,673

Households and their average income. Click a state to compare it head to head; households arrived from these states in the latest IRS release.

Where they go

  1. 1California24,970 · $95,486
  2. 2Florida20,050 · $91,708
  3. 3Colorado14,923 · $88,895
  4. 4Oklahoma11,582 · $63,314
  5. 5Louisiana10,522 · $53,860

Households and their average income. Click a state to compare it head to head; households left for these states in the latest IRS release.

Editor's note

307,240 households arrived, California sending the most, and 250,767 left, California again the top destination: the pipeline runs both ways. Arrivals report $83,632 against $80,359 for leavers, consistent with employers relocating payrolls rather than retirees chasing sun. Louisiana and Oklahoma send lower-income households; Colorado and Florida take higher-income ones. The net gain of +56,473 is the largest anywhere, but per resident only #12: Texas is huge, not uniquely magnetic.

  • All Texas migration flows →
  • State-by-state migration →

Where should you live in Texas?

By composite score, the best of the 74 Texas cities we track are Flower Mound (67.4), Frisco (66.6), and Cedar Park (66.3). McAllen is the cheapest (cost index 85.9), Flower Mound the richest ($161,235), and Kyle the fastest growing (+6.1% a year). City ranks are among the 74 Texas cities we cover, not every city in the state.

Standout cities in Texas

Best forCityMeasure
SafestFlower Mound42 violent crimes per 100K
CheapestMcAllencost of living index 85.9
Most walkableRichardsonwalkability 13 of 20
Cleanest airAmarillomedian AQI 16 (county)
RichestFlower Mound$161,235

Among the 74 Texas cities we track. Safest uses a full year of FBI reports from the city's own police agency; air quality is measured by county, so cities in the same county share a reading.

Editor's note

Regions of Texas

Dallas-Fort Worth

Corporate headquarters, sprawl and the state's richest suburbs; Frisco, Plano and McKinney carry the top composite scores and the highest home prices outside Austin.

DallasFort WorthArlingtonPlanoFriscoMcKinneyIrvingGarlandGrand PrairieDenton
Houston and the Gulf Coast

Energy, the port and the medical center, with humidity, hurricane exposure and windstorm premiums to match; Corpus Christi shares the coast and the insurance math.

HoustonCorpus Christi
Central Texas: Austin, San Antonio and the Hill Country

Austin is the expensive tech city, San Antonio the cheaper military and health-care city an hour south; Killeen sits between them around Fort Cavazos.

AustinSan AntonioKilleen
The Border: El Paso to the Rio Grande Valley

The lowest costs in the state and the lowest incomes; bilingual, young, hot, and closer to Monterrey or Juarez than to Dallas.

El PasoLaredoBrownsville
Panhandle and West Texas

Wind, cattle, cotton and oil under a wide sky; short commutes, cheap houses, real winters by Texas standards, and a long drive to anything else.

AmarilloLubbock

All 74 tracked cities, best to worst

#CityGradeScorePopulationIncomeViolent / 100KCost index
1Flower Mound
A+
67.478,389$161,23542103.1
2Frisco
A
66.6219,304$150,21298103.1
3Cedar Park
A
66.378,301$129,5459198.1
4McKinney
A
65.3210,600$124,215115103.1
5Leander
A
65.274,067$139,048—98.1
6Round Rock
A
64.9127,786$99,28712598.1
7The Woodlands
A
63.6121,002$140,701—98.6
8Georgetown
A
63.485,999$95,06214998.1
9Mansfield
A
63.477,510$121,126106103.1
10Allen
A
63.3110,265$130,90179103.1
11Sugar Land
A
63.0110,016$136,2177398.6
12Plano
A
62.9290,594$112,253147103.1
13Carrollton
B+
62.7133,740$101,39698103.1
14Richardson
B+
62.7118,731$98,111138103.1
15Wylie
B+
62.660,334$119,52281103.1
16Pflugerville
B+
62.365,971$117,79918698.1
17League City
B+
62.2116,215$121,0996098.6
18Lewisville
B+
61.0131,080$89,233218103.1
19Kyle
B+
60.756,823$90,32313598.1
20Grapevine
B+
60.651,139$111,376165103.1
21New Braunfels
B+
60.0104,643$86,02122394.7
22Pearland
B+
59.5127,514$118,8428298.6
23Rowlett
B+
59.465,463$112,081157103.1
24Burleson
B
58.752,918$93,928155103.1
25Austin
B
58.1979,539$93,65842298.1
26North Richland Hills
B
57.470,780$97,305151103.1
27Irving
B
57.3256,492$81,830268103.1
28Denton
B
57.3152,866$76,019205103.1
29Atascocita
B
57.099,354$118,226—98.6
30Midland
B
56.9136,640$89,58535295.8
31Little Elm
B
56.754,820$119,219—103.1
32Conroe
B
56.2102,360$76,20626398.6
33Euless
B
55.860,421$82,167159103.1
34San Angelo
C+
54.999,674$65,86428792.5
35Bryan
C+
54.787,939$59,28928791
36Garland
C+
54.5246,844$76,320191103.1
37College Station
C+
54.5124,570$50,90013291
38Missouri City
C+
54.476,558$94,39015198.6
39Fort Worth
C+
54.2963,194$79,507375103.1
40Grand Prairie
C+
54.0201,883$81,619202103.1
41Tyler
C+
53.8109,215$67,48636692.2
42Odessa
C+
52.8115,322$73,47228693.9
43McAllen
C+
52.6145,385$61,57912685.9
44Wichita Falls
C+
52.6102,581$60,17735889.5
45Amarillo
C+
52.5201,885$65,91255191.8
46Temple
C+
52.589,602$68,20431691.1
47El Paso
C
52.3680,130$59,74528989.9
48Texas City
C
52.355,364$68,77624998.6
49Abilene
C
52.0128,053$62,64845790.4
50DeSoto
C
52.056,211$82,782283103.1
51San Marcos
C
51.470,897$51,28142298.1
52Arlington
C
51.2397,742$75,171406103.1
53Longview
C
51.182,923$63,34034689.5
54Dallas
C
50.71,307,930$70,518577103.1
55Mission
C
50.787,038$60,76713485.9
56Victoria
C
50.565,625$67,22636489.8
57Laredo
C
50.3257,619$63,91531687
58Lubbock
C
50.2264,814$60,89569991.3
59Waco
C
50.2143,570$54,36541492.6
60San Antonio
C
49.81,479,835$65,05653294.7
61Edinburg
C
49.8104,550$59,46621385.9
62Mesquite
C
49.2149,299$72,537453103.1
63Galveston
D
48.253,424$55,63150698.6
64Harlingen
D
47.672,087$53,64523186
65Pasadena
D
46.9149,433$64,92743698.6
66Spring
D
46.868,580$88,997—98.6
67Killeen
D
46.1158,159$60,97749891.1
68Corpus Christi
D
45.6317,419$67,39479992.7
69Pharr
D
45.180,333$52,81421485.9
70Houston
D
44.32,328,253$64,81388498.6
71Baytown
D
43.585,205$59,91039998.6
72Brownsville
D
42.7189,177$52,13040586
73Beaumont
F
38.0113,279$56,99794890
74Port Arthur
F
36.655,828$46,35459690

Swipe the table sideways for more columns. Rank is among the 74 Texas cities we track: every city of 50,000 or more, plus the state's other largest places. City scores use city-level Census, FBI, BLS, CDC, EPA and NCES data, and a category with no city data is left out of the score rather than filled with the state's figure.

Best cities in Texas for…

#CityScoreEducationSafetyAffordability
1Cedar Park66.143.992.254.8
2Flower Mound65.946.599.545.3
3Frisco63.539.394.944.4
4Carrollton63.451.293.358.9
5Allen62.936.296.752.9
All Texas cities for families →Best states for families →
  • All 1,312 cities →

Who is Texas best for?

The same 11 category scores, re-weighted for six kinds of household. Rank is among the 50 states; click through for the best Texas cities for each.

Families
#35of 50
Best Texas cities →
Retirees
#33of 50
Best Texas cities →
Remote Workers
#25of 50
Best Texas cities →
Young Professionals
#28of 50
Best Texas cities →
Small Business
#15of 50
Best Texas cities →
Outdoor Enthusiasts
#45of 50
Best Texas cities →
Texas fits
  • High earners leaving an income-tax state: the difference shows up on the first paycheck and the total tax burden lands at 7.77%.
  • Small-business owners: Texas ranks #15 for them, with no personal income tax and +3.8% real GDP growth.
  • Energy and engineering careers: Houston and the Permian pay well, and the top cost-adjusted wage is $247,042 in Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington.
Texas does not fit
  • Anyone who needs public land: 1.8% of Texas is public, near the bottom, and outdoor access ranks #50.
  • Households without employer health coverage: the state ranks #41 on health and did not expand Medicaid.
  • Retirees on a fixed income who plan to own: retirees rank #33 here once property tax and insurance are counted.

Weights differ by household: families lean on education, safety and housing; retirees on fiscal health, healthcare and cost. See the weights →

How does Texas compare with its neighbors?

Texas ranks #32. Among its bordering states, Oklahoma ranks highest (#43) and Louisiana lowest (#50). Oklahoma is the most similar on the composite score and Louisiana the most different. Bordering states are listed best to worst; the national line is the mean of the 50 states.

StateOverallScoreMedian incomeTypical homeCost indexViolent crimeTax burdenCompare
Texas#3252.2$79,721$299,36797.13457.77%
Oklahoma#4343.0$66,148$223,26187.84087.01%Compare →
Arkansas#4840.1$62,106$227,26486.95328.61%Compare →
New Mexico#4930.6$67,816$318,24192.26229.62%Compare →
Louisiana#5030.0$60,986$217,03988.25158.94%Compare →
United States—57.9$80,903$368,6971003288.74%

Overall rank, median income, cost index and tax burden columns are shown on wider screens.

People also compare
Texas vs. California →Texas vs. Florida →
Other South states
  • Virginia#15
  • Florida#21
  • North Carolina#23
  • Tennessee#24
  • Georgia#26
  • South Carolina#36
  • Alabama#37
  • Kentucky#41
  • West Virginia#44
  • Mississippi#46
Editor's note

The border story is Oklahoma and Louisiana. Texarkana straddles Arkansas, and Shreveport commuters cross into East Texas for work. North of Dallas, the Red River towns of Oklahoma sell cheaper land within an hour of the metro. Louisiana sends workers to Houston's refineries and pulls Texans to the Lake Charles casinos.

  • Compare Texas with any state →

How the score works

Eleven categories, each scored 0–100 and weighted into one composite. Grades follow rank.

The weights

Economy 15% · Safety 12% · Health 12% · Education 12% · Affordability 10% · Fiscal Health 8% · Growth 7% · Transportation 7% · Livability 7% · Outdoor Access 6% · Environment 4%. The composite is the weighted sum, stretched linearly so states spread across most of the 0–100 range.

From raw numbers to scores

Every raw measure is placed on a 0–100 scale between a fixed floor and ceiling, inverted where lower is better (crime, cost, taxes), then combined within its category. The same scale applies to every state.

Letter grades

Grades follow rank, not score: A+ for ranks 1–5, A for 6–10, B+ for 11–18, B for 19–26, C+ for 27–34, C for 35–42, D for 43–48, F for 49–50. A C+ state is not failing; it is in the middle third.

Cities, budgets and neighbors

The 74 Texas city scores, the household budgets and the neighbor table on this page are computed from the same sources as the state score. City ranks are among the cities we track, not all cities in the state.

Editor's notes

Passages marked as editor's notes are written for this state and add context the numbers cannot: regions, tradeoffs, who the state fits. Every figure inside them is pulled from the data at build time, so the words cannot drift from the numbers.

Always the latest release

Each source is the most recent release its agency has published. The page is rebuilt when a source updates, so the score can move without any change in the state itself.

What the score cannot tell you

Weather and climate, culture and pace, politics beyond the Cook index shown for context, the quality of a specific school, hospital or neighborhood, job prospects in your field, and anything without a public, comparable, 50-state source. Statewide averages also hide the metro-versus-rural split, which is why the editor's notes name places.

Category briefs

Economy: Unemployment rate and median household income. Safety: Violent and property crime rates per 100,000 residents. Health: Health outcomes, behaviors, and access to care. Education: K-12 school quality, test scores, and graduation rates. Full methodology →

Key takeaways

What the Texas numbers say when read together.

  1. 01

    Fiscal Health is Texas's strongest suit

    Texas is a #32 state overall but #5 of 50 for fiscal health, 27 places better than its composite rank, with a score of 72.2 against a national average of 58.1. Growth (#9) is next. Fiscal health carries 8% of the composite.

  2. 02

    Outdoor Access is where Texas falls furthest behind

    Texas ranks #50 of 50 for outdoor access, 18 places below its overall #32, with a score of 4.7 against a national average of 29.4. At 6% of the composite, it is the category holding the overall score down most.

  3. 03

    Typical home value is 19% below the national average

    Texas's typical home value is $299,367, 19% below the national average of $368,697, #18 of 50 (1 = cheapest). The largest gap in the other direction is unemployment rate: 4.2%, 0.3 points above the national average. Source: Zillow Research ZHVI, latest release.

  4. 04

    More households arrive than leave

    Texas ranks #12 of 50 on net household flow per 1,000 residents (+1.8). The households arriving report $3,273 more in average income than those leaving ($83,632 against $80,359), so the state is trading up on income even as the headcount grows. California is both the largest source and the largest destination.

  5. 05

    A middle income is squeezed less here than in most states

    A family of four earning $75,000 ends the year at a $144 shortfall after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transport and taxes, against a $11,758 shortfall in the median state (#9 of 50). A single adult on the same income comes out at a $35,541 surplus; a retiree couple at a $39,506 surplus. Infant childcare runs $10,894 a year, 30% below the national average.

  6. 06

    Texas outranks every bordering state

    None of Texas's 4 bordering states ranks above its #32; the closest match on the composite is Oklahoma. Median income among them runs from $60,986 in Louisiana to $67,816 in New Mexico; Texas is at $79,721.

Editor's note

The tradeoff

+No state income tax means a paycheck loses only federal withholding.

−Effective property tax of 1.63% (#44) turns much of that saving into an escrow payment.

++3.8% real GDP growth keeps hiring open in Dallas, Houston and Austin.

−Growth means 27.5 minutes average commutes and a 1% transit share; you will drive everywhere.

+Typical homes run 19% below the national average, and the lots come large by default.

−The highest uninsured share in the country pushes the health rank to #41.

Frequently asked questions about living in Texas

Is Texas a good place to live?

Texas ranks #32 of 50 with a C+ grade, #6 of 14 in the South. It is top 10 in fiscal health and growth and bottom 10 in health, livability, and outdoor access. On the six headline measures it beats the national figure on 3 of 6 (home prices, cost of living, and tax burden) and trails on income, violent crime, and unemployment. Whether that adds up to a good place to live depends on what you weigh; the household rankings below re-weight the same numbers for families, retirees and remote workers.

Where does Texas rank among US states?

Texas ranks #32 of 50 overall with a composite score of 52.2 (grade C+), and #6 of 14 states in the South. Its best category rank is #5 (fiscal health) and its worst #50 (outdoor access). The composite weights eleven categories, with economy, safety, health and education counting most; grades follow rank, so C+ means rank 27–34.

Is it expensive to live in Texas?

At #27 of 50 for cost of living (1 = cheapest), Texas is 3% below the national average: its index is 97.1 against a national baseline of 100. The typical home value is $299,367 (19% below the national average), and buying it takes an income of about $88,061 against a median household income of $79,721. At $75,000, a family of four comes out at a $144 shortfall after all costs, #9 of 50 (1 = most left over).

Does Texas have a state income tax?

No. Texas levies no state income tax on wages. Its total state and local tax burden is 7.77% of income (#11 of 50, 1 = lowest), 1.0 points below the national average. Property tax is 1.63% of home value and combined sales tax 8.2%.

What is the crime rate in Texas?

Texas reports 345 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, 5% above the national average and #31 of 50 (1 = safest), and 1,786 property crimes per 100,000, 16% above the national average (#39). Its safety score is 61.8 out of 100, #35 of 50. Figures are FBI estimates from the latest release.

Does Texas have good schools?

Texas is #24 of 50 for education (score 60.7 out of 100). Its public school students average 269 in eighth-grade math on NAEP (#34) and 252 in eighth-grade reading (#44), and the high school graduation rate is 89.7%, 4.1 points above the national average (#8). The federal school files we use do not publish city-level graduation rates for Texas, so cities are compared on students per teacher and spending instead.

Why are people moving to Texas?

Texas gained a net 56,473 households in the latest IRS release: 307,240 moved in and 250,767 moved out, +1.8 per 1,000 residents (#12 of 50). The largest source of arrivals is California (44,417 households) and the most common destination is California (24,970). Arriving households report an average income of $83,632 against $80,359 for those leaving, so movers in earn more than movers out. The IRS files count tax returns and say nothing about motives.

Is Texas a red or blue state?

Texas leans red: its Cook Partisan Voting Index is R+5, meaning it votes about 5 points more Republican than the country as a whole. The political lean is shown for context and is not part of the composite score.

What are the downsides of living in Texas?

Property tax, insurance and heat. The effective rate is 1.63%, 0.6 points above the national average, and on a Gulf Coast house the windstorm policy can cost as much as the tax. Summers run above a hundred degrees for weeks, which lands in the electric bill. Health ranks #41, public land is 1.8% of the state, and commutes average 27.5 minutes. None of it is in the no-income-tax pitch.

Does Texas get hurricanes and tornadoes?

Both, in different places. Hurricanes hit the Gulf Coast from Brownsville to Beaumont, and Houston floods from tropical rain even when the wind stays offshore. Tornadoes belong to North Texas and the Panhandle. FEMA's risk index sits at 24.0, 19% below the national average, because the interior is calm. Near Houston, flood coverage is a separate policy and worth pricing before the offer.

Is Texas tax-friendly for retirees?

Depends on whether you own the house. Retirement income goes untaxed; there is no income tax. Homeowners over sixty-five get an extra homestead exemption and a ceiling on school district taxes, blunting the 1.63% rate. Renters do best; a retiree couple at $75,000 comes out at a $39,506 surplus after costs, #15 of 50. The sales tax at 8.2% is the piece fixed-income households feel most.

Where in Texas should I live?

For a corporate job with kids, the suburbs north of Dallas: Flower Mound has the highest composite score and lowest violent crime of any tracked city. Energy and medicine mean Houston. Software means Austin, at the state's highest prices. On a tight budget, El Paso or the Valley, where McAllen is the cheapest tracked city. The Panhandle suits people who want land over restaurants.

Do I need a car in Texas?

Yes, everywhere except a few square miles of central Austin, Houston and Dallas. Only 1% of Texas commuters use transit, and the mean commute is 27.5 minutes because the metros were built outward, not upward. DART rail in Dallas and Houston's light rail cover office corridors, not suburbs. Gasoline at $2.88 per gallon, #1 cheapest in the country, is the consolation.

All the numbers

Every metric behind Texas's 11 category scores, with the national figure beside each. Pick a category.

Median Household Income
$79,721
Census ACS · Nat'l avg: $80,903
Unemployment Rate
4.2%
BLS LAUS · Nat'l avg: 3.9%
Population Growth
+1.25%
Census, year over year · Nat'l avg: +0.5%
42.5Economy Score · National avg: 47.1
Violent Crime Rate
344.9
per 100K · FBI estimate · Nat'l avg: 313
Property Crime Rate
1,786
per 100K · FBI estimate · Nat'l avg: 1,475
61.8Safety Score · National avg: 68.9
Life Expectancy
77.1 yr
CDC NCHS · Nat'l avg: 76.9 yr
Adults With Obesity
35.6%
CDC BRFSS · Nat'l avg: 34%
Uninsured
16.7%
Census ACS · Nat'l avg: 7.6%
37.7Health Score · National avg: 54.4
HS Graduation Rate
89.7%
EDFacts · Nat'l avg: 85.6%
NAEP Math, 8th Grade
269
Nation's Report Card · Nat'l avg: 273
NAEP Reading, 8th Grade
252
Nation's Report Card · Nat'l avg: 257
60.7Education Score · National avg: 57.5
GDP Per Capita
$68,820
BEA · Nat'l avg: $64,333
GDP Growth Rate
+3.8%
Real, year over year · Nat'l avg: +1.9%
Credit Rating
AAA
S&P / Moody's, latest
Fiscal Score
72.2
of 100 · Nat'l avg: 58.1
Budget Balance
+5.2%
Surplus · % of revenue · NASBO
State Debt Per Capita
$1,850
Census state finances · Nat'l avg: $3,506
Rainy Day Fund
17.8%
of expenditures · Pew Fiscal 50
Pension Funded Ratio
76%
Pew · Nat'l avg: 74.3%
Tax Burden
7.77%
of income · Nat'l avg: 8.74%
Income Tax Rate
None
Top rate, state + local
Property Tax Rate
1.63%
Effective rate · Nat'l avg: 1.02%
Sales Tax Rate
8.2%
State + local avg · Nat'l avg: 6.66%
72.2Fiscal Health Score · National avg: 58.1
Typical Home Value
$299,367
Latest month · Nat'l avg: $383,360
Cost of Living Index
97.1
BEA Regional Price Parity · National = 100
Price-to-Income Ratio
3.8x
Home value ÷ median income · Nat'l avg: 4.6x
Electricity
15.47¢/kWh
EIA
Natural Gas
$19.42/Mcf
EIA
Gasoline
$2.88/gal
EIA
Infant Care (Center)
$10,894/yr
Child Care Aware of America
Goods Prices
98.1
BEA price level for goods · US = 100
74.4Affordability Score · National avg: 65.2
Air Quality Index
43
EPA annual median · Nat'l avg: 38.8
Renewable Energy
37%
EIA, % of electricity · Nat'l avg: 29%
Natural Disaster Risk
24
FEMA NRI per capita · Nat'l avg: 30
40.8Environment Score · National avg: 42.5
Public Land
1.8%
of state area · USGS PAD-US
Recreation Facilities
1.69
per 10K residents · Census CBP
Park Acreage per Capita
0.04
NPS acres per resident
4.7Outdoor Access Score · National avg: 29.4
Mean Commute Time
27.5 min
Mean travel time to work · Census ACS
60+ Min Commute
9.1%
of workers · Census ACS
Drive Alone
71.8%
of commuters · Census ACS
Public Transit Use
1%
of commuters · Census ACS
Walk / Bicycle
1.8%
active commuters · Census ACS
Work From Home
12.9%
of workers · Census ACS
Vehicle Miles Traveled
9,849
per capita · FHWA
Carpool Rate
10.8%
of commuters · Census ACS
43.7Transportation Score · National avg: 49.8
Restaurants per 1K
1.677
Census County Business Patterns
Arts & Entertainment
0.015
per 1K residents · Census CBP
Social Associations
0.044
per 1K residents · Census CBP
Bars & Breweries
0.094
per 1K residents · Census CBP
23.6Livability Score · National avg: 34.3
Net Domestic Migration
+2.1
per 1,000 residents · Nat'l avg: +1.1
Migration Trend
Gaining
More people moving in than out
Broadband Subscription
93.7%
Households, any type · Census ACS · Nat'l avg: 92.7%
Households Moving In
307.2K
Top origin: California
Households Moving Out
250.8K
Top destination: California
51.7Growth Score · National avg: 38.8

Also consulted for the Texas editor's notes

  • Texas Comptroller: residence homestead and age 65 or older property tax exemptions ↗