Texas vs North Dakota: Which Is Better to Live In?
Texas ranks #32 of 50 overall and North Dakota #5 as of the latest release. North Dakota is cheaper to live in (cost of living index 89 vs 97.1), has a 1.2-point lower tax burden, and has a 26% lower violent crime rate. North Dakota scores higher overall, leading 8 of 11 categories to 0.
- Typical rent, largest metro is 34% lower in North Dakota ($1,100 vs. $1,659 in Texas).
- Violent crime rate is 26% lower in North Dakota (257 vs. 345 in Texas).
- Residential electricity price is 24% lower in North Dakota (11.81¢/kWh vs. 15.47¢/kWh in Texas).
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall scorecomposite of 100, rank of 50Gap -23.3 pts | 52.2#32 of 50 · C+ | 75.5#5 of 50 · A+ | -23.3 pts | — | ND |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +8.1 pts (+9%) · US 100 | 97.1#27 of 50 | 89#8 of 50 | +8.1 pts+9% | 100 | ND |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap +$978 · US -$11,758 | -$144#9 of 50 | -$1,122#11 of 50 | +$978 | -$11,758 | TX |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap +$7,074 (+2%) · US $368,697 | $299,367#18 of 50 | $292,293#16 of 50 | +$7,074+2% | $368,697 | Even |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap +1.16 pts · US 8.74% | 7.77%#11 of 50 | 6.61%#8 of 50 | +1.16 pts | 8.74% | ND |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +88 (+34%) · US 328 | 345#31 of 50 | 257#22 of 50 | +88+34% | 328 | ND |
| Median household incomeGap +$1,850 (+2%) · US $80,903 | $79,721#24 of 50 | $77,871#25 of 50 | +$1,850+2% | $80,903 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap +4.6 pts · US 85.62% | 89.7%#8 of 50 | 85.1%#32 of 50 | +4.6 pts | 85.62% | TX |
| Life expectancyGap -0.8 yrs · US 76.9 | 77.1#27 of 50 | 77.9#17 of 50 | -0.8 yrs | 76.9 | ND |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap +56,519 · US -33 | +56,473#1 of 50 | -46#28 of 50 | +56,519 | -33 | TX |
Cost of living index from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (US = 100). Left after costs from the America's Dashboard affordability engine for a family of four earning $75,000. Typical home value from Zillow Research. Tax burden from WalletHub. Violent crime from the FBI, per 100,000 residents. Income and graduation from the Census Bureau and NCES. Life expectancy from the CDC. Net households from IRS Statistics of Income. US column is the 50-state average or median.
Is Texas or North Dakota better to live in?
North Dakota scores higher overall: 75.5 to 52.2 out of 100, #5 of 50 against #32. Texas leads 0 of 11 categories, North Dakota leads 8, and 3 are within 3 points.
| Category | Weight | TexasTX | North DakotaND | Gap | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy15% of scoregap -21.2 | 15% | 42.5#32 · C+ | 63.7#8 · A | -21.2 pts | ND |
| Safety12% of scoregap -8.4 | 12% | 61.8#35 · C | 70.2#27 · C+ | -8.4 pts | ND |
| Health12% of scoregap -21.1 | 12% | 37.7#41 · C | 58.8#23 · B | -21.1 pts | ND |
| Education12% of scoregap -4.6 | 12% | 60.7#24 · B | 65.3#17 · B+ | -4.6 pts | ND |
| Affordability10% of scoregap -9.1 | 10% | 74.4#20 · B | 83.5#9 · A | -9.1 pts | ND |
| Fiscal Health8% of scoregap +2.4 | 8% | 72.2#5 · A+ | 69.8#11 · B+ | +2.4 pts | Even |
| Growth7% of scoregap 0 | 7% | 51.7#9 · A | 51.7#8 · A | 0 pts | Even |
| Transportation7% of scoregap -10.9 | 7% | 43.7#38 · C | 54.6#14 · B+ | -10.9 pts | ND |
| Livability7% of scoregap -18.5 | 7% | 23.6#43 · D | 42.1#13 · B+ | -18.5 pts | ND |
| Outdoor Access6% of scoregap -34.4 | 6% | 4.7#50 · F | 39.1#14 · B+ | -34.4 pts | ND |
| Environment4% of scoregap +2.3 | 4% | 40.8#25 · B | 38.5#27 · C+ | +2.3 pts | Even |
Scores run 0 to 100 within each category; weight is the category's share of the composite. Grades follow rank (1–5 A+, 6–10 A, 11–18 B+, 19–26 B, 27–34 C+, 35–42 C, 43–48 D, 49–50 F). Methodology →
Is Texas cheaper than North Dakota?
North Dakota is cheaper: cost of living index 89 vs 97.1 in Texas (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 keeps $978 more a year in Texas after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +8.1 pts (+9%) · US 100 | 97.1#27 of 50 | 89#8 of 50 | +8.1 pts+9% | 100 | ND |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap +2.4 pts (+3%) · US 100 | 98.1#34 of 50 | 95.7#13 of 50 | +2.4 pts+3% | 100 | ND |
| Residential electricity priceGap +3.66¢ (+31%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 15.47¢/kWh#28 of 50 | 11.81¢/kWh#1 of 50 | +3.66¢+31% | 17.84¢/kWh | ND |
| Residential natural gas priceGap +$9.92 (+104%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $19.42/Mcf#44 of 50 | $9.50/Mcf#3 of 50 | +$9.92+104% | $15.83/Mcf | ND |
| Gasoline priceGap -$0.43 (-13%) · US $3.32/gal | $2.88/gal#1 of 50 | $3.31/gal#31 of 50 | -$0.43-13% | $3.32/gal | TX |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap -$1,387 (-11%) · US $15,633 | $10,894#8 of 50 | $12,281#12 of 50 | -$1,387-11% | $15,633 | TX |
Cost of living index and the price level for goods from the Bureau of Economic Analysis regional price parities (US = 100). Electricity, natural gas and gasoline prices from the EIA; center-based infant care from Child Care Aware of America. Lower is ahead.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single Adultearning $75,000Gap -$930 | +$35,541costs $39,459 | +$36,471costs $38,529 | -$930 | Even |
| Couple, No Kidsearning $75,000Gap -$1,360 | +$26,994costs $48,006 | +$28,354costs $46,646 | -$1,360 | ND |
| Family of 4earning $75,000Gap +$978 | -$144costs $75,145 | -$1,122costs $76,122 | +$978 | TX |
| Retiree Coupleearning $75,000Gap -$1,397 | +$39,506costs $35,494 | +$40,903costs $34,097 | -$1,397 | ND |
Income left after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and state and local taxes for four household types earning $75,000, from the affordability engine. Negative means typical costs exceed take-home pay.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HousingGap +$2,415 | $23,045 | $20,630 | +$2,415 | ND |
| ChildcareGap -$2,774 | $21,788 | $24,562 | -$2,774 | TX |
| UtilitiesGap +$389 | $4,661 | $4,272 | +$389 | Even |
| GroceriesGap +$270 | $11,049 | $10,779 | +$270 | Even |
| TransportationGap -$1,352 | $9,051 | $10,403 | -$1,352 | TX |
| State and local taxesGap +$75 | $5,551 | $5,476 | +$75 | Even |
Annual cost lines for a family of four (two adults, two children). Lower is ahead.
Which has lower taxes, Texas or North Dakota?
North Dakota collects a smaller share of income in state and local taxes: 6.61% vs 7.77%. Texas has no income tax, high property tax, with sales tax in the middle of the pack; North Dakota has low income tax, with property and sales taxes in the middle of the pack.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap +1.16 pts · US 8.74% | 7.77%#11 of 50 | 6.61%#8 of 50 | +1.16 pts | 8.74% | ND |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap -2.5 pts · US 5.46% | none#7 of 50 | 2.5%#10 of 50 | -2.5 pts | 5.46% | TX |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.64 pts · US 1.02% | 1.63%#44 of 50 | 0.99%#29 of 50 | +0.64 pts | 1.02% | ND |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +1.11 pts · US 6.66% | 8.2%#37 of 50 | 7.09%#29 of 50 | +1.11 pts | 6.66% | ND |
Total tax burden (state and local taxes as a share of personal income) from WalletHub; top marginal income tax rate, effective property tax rate and combined state and local sales tax from the Tax Foundation. Lower is ahead.
Are homes more expensive in Texas or North Dakota?
Typical home values are about the same: $299,367 in Texas and $292,293 in North Dakota. Buying the typical home takes about $88,061 of income in Texas and $79,542 in North Dakota; the median household earns $79,721 and $77,871.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap +$7,074 (+2%) · US $368,697 | $299,367#18 of 50 | $292,293#16 of 50 | +$7,074+2% | $368,697 | Even |
| Home value change, one yearGap -6.8 pts · US +1.2% | -1.6%#49 of 50 | +5.2%#4 of 50 | -6.8 pts | +1.2% | ND |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap +$559 (+51%) · US $1,948 | $1,659#23 of 50 | $1,100#1 of 50 | +$559+51% | $1,948 | ND |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap +$8,519 (+11%) · US $100,006 | $88,061#21 of 50 | $79,542#15 of 50 | +$8,519+11% | $100,006 | ND |
| Home value to income ratioGap 0x (0%) · US 4.6x | 3.8x#18 of 50 | 3.8x#17 of 50 | 0x0% | 4.6x | Even |
Typical home value, one-year change, largest-metro rent and income needed to buy from Zillow Research (a modeled estimate, not a median). Price-to-income ratio divides that typical home value by ACS median household income. Lower is ahead.
| TX | ND | |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly payment, 20% down | $1,540 | $1,504 |
| Income needed vs. median | +11% | +2% |
| Five-year change | +11.1% | +19% |
| Market temperature | Cool | Hot |
| Largest metro | Dallas | Fargo |
Income needed vs. median: how far the income required to buy the typical home sits above (+) or below (−) the state's median household income. Temperature blends price cuts, days to pending and inventory against the national market (Zillow).
Do people earn more in Texas or North Dakota?
Median household income is about the same, $79,721 in Texas and $77,871 in North Dakota, with unemployment at 4.2% and 2.6%. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, Texas's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 20 after adjusting for local costs and North Dakota's in 0.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household incomeGap +$1,850 (+2%) · US $80,903 | $79,721#24 of 50 | $77,871#25 of 50 | +$1,850+2% | $80,903 | Even |
| Unemployment rateGap +1.6 pts · US 3.95% | 4.2%#30 of 50 | 2.6%#3 of 50 | +1.6 pts | 3.95% | ND |
| GDP per capitaGap -$4,994 (-7%) · US $64,333 | $68,820#14 of 50 | $73,814#10 of 50 | -$4,994-7% | $64,333 | ND |
| Real GDP growthGap +4.8 pts · US +1.91% | +3.8%#2 of 50 | -1%#49 of 50 | +4.8 pts | +1.91% | TX |
| Population growthGap +0.5 pts · US +0.51% | +1.25%#4 of 50 | +0.75%#14 of 50 | +0.5 pts | +0.51% | TX |
Median household income from the Census Bureau ACS; unemployment from BLS LAUS; GDP per capita and real GDP growth from the BEA; population growth from Census Bureau estimates.
Show all 20 occupations
| Occupation | TX | ND | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|
| Family Medicine Physicians | $254,682$247,042 in Dallas | $209,320$186,295 in Fargo | TX |
| Software Developers | $162,398$157,526 in Austin | $121,375$108,024 in Fargo | TX |
| Lawyers | $166,195$161,209 in Austin | $141,894$126,286 in Fargo | TX |
| Civil Engineers | $111,191$107,855 in Houston | $90,154$80,237 in Fargo | TX |
| General & Operations Managers | $116,809$113,305 in Houston | $98,070$87,282 in Fargo | TX |
| Computer Systems Analysts | $114,573$111,136 in Austin | $97,121$86,438 in Fargo | TX |
| Registered Nurses | $97,479$94,555 in Austin | $81,213$72,280 in Fargo | TX |
| Heavy & Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers | $67,574$65,547 in Houston | $53,196$47,344 in Fargo | TX |
| Accountants & Auditors | $91,851$89,095 in Houston | $79,062$70,365 in Fargo | TX |
| HVAC Mechanics & Installers | $64,425$62,492 in Austin | $52,555$46,774 in Fargo | TX |
| Electricians | $70,287$68,178 in Austin | $58,621$52,173 in Fargo | TX |
| Secondary School Teachers | $75,412$73,150 in Austin | $64,392$57,309 in Fargo | TX |
| Welders, Cutters & Brazers | $54,440$52,807 in Houston | $43,729$38,919 in Fargo | TX |
| Police & Sheriff's Patrol Officers | $82,647$80,168 in Houston | $72,022$64,100 in Fargo | TX |
| Sales Representatives (Wholesale/Manufacturing) | $75,335$73,075 in Austin | $64,757$57,634 in Fargo | TX |
| Dietitians & Nutritionists | $79,535$77,149 in Houston | $69,862$62,177 in Fargo | TX |
| Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN) | $63,209$61,313 in Austin | $55,304$49,221 in Fargo | TX |
| Cooks, Restaurant | $37,618$36,489 in Austin | $30,856$27,462 in Fargo | TX |
| Construction Laborers | $48,596$47,138 in Dallas | $42,722$38,023 in Fargo | TX |
| Mental Health Counselors | $58,474$56,720 in Houston | $53,440$47,562 in Fargo | TX |
BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release: the median wage in each state's best-paying metro, adjusted for that metro's cost of living (BEA regional price parities). Sorted by the size of the gap.
Is Texas safer than North Dakota?
North Dakota is safer: 257 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 345 in Texas (FBI). Property crime runs 1,786 and 1,698 per 100,000. North Dakota shows the FBI's prior-year estimate because the FBI flags its latest year as based on limited data.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +88 (+34%) · US 328 | 345#31 of 50 | 257#22 of 50 | +88+34% | 328 | ND |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +88 (+5%) · US 1,535 | 1,786#39 of 50 | 1,698#37 of 50 | +88+5% | 1,535 | Even |
FBI state crime estimates, offenses per 100,000 residents, latest release. North Dakota uses the FBI's prior-year estimate because the latest year is based on limited data. Lower is ahead.
- Flower Mound, TX42 violent per 100K
- Lincoln, ND44 violent per 100K
Among each state's 20 tracked cities, latest FBI release.
Which has better schools and health, Texas or North Dakota?
North Dakota scores higher for education (#17 of 50 vs #24), with high school graduation rates of 89.7% and 85.1%. North Dakota scores higher for health (#23 vs #41); life expectancy is 77.1 years in Texas and 77.9 in North Dakota.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap -10 · US 273 | 269#34 of 50 | 280#8 of 50 | -10 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap -5 · US 257 | 252#44 of 50 | 257#24 of 50 | -5 | 257 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap +4.6 pts · US 85.62% | 89.7%#8 of 50 | 85.1%#32 of 50 | +4.6 pts | 85.62% | TX |
| Life expectancyGap -0.8 yrs · US 76.9 | 77.1#27 of 50 | 77.9#17 of 50 | -0.8 yrs | 76.9 | ND |
| Adults with obesityGap -1.2 pts · US 34.03% | 35.6%#32 of 50 | 36.8%#36 of 50 | -1.2 pts | 34.03% | TX |
| Residents without health insuranceGap +10.6 pts · US 7.6% | 16.7%#50 of 50 | 6.1%#17 of 50 | +10.6 pts | 7.6% | ND |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap +5 pts (+13%) · US 38.8 | 43#40 of 50 | 38#19 of 50 | +5 pts+13% | 38.8 | ND |
High school graduation rate from NCES; life expectancy from the CDC National Center for Health Statistics; median air quality index from EPA AirData (lower is cleaner).
- No city school data
- Beulah, NDeducation score 95
City education scores blend graduation rate, student-teacher ratio and per-pupil spending (NCES). State education scores combine NAEP math and reading with the graduation rate; health scores combine life expectancy, adult obesity and the uninsured rate. Education: Texas #24, North Dakota #17. Health: Texas #41, North Dakota #23.
Are more people moving from Texas to North Dakota, or from North Dakota to Texas?
874 households moved from Texas to North Dakota and 920 moved from North Dakota to Texas in the latest IRS release, a net gain of 46 households for Texas. Movers to North Dakota reported an average income of $51,860; movers to Texas reported $70,007. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, counting people, shows 1,407 people (±661) moving from Texas to North Dakota and 1,462 (±1,313) the other way, a gap inside the margin of error, so the flows are roughly balanced.
Bars show people (Census ACS, latest release, with 90% margins of error). IRS counts tax-filing households and reports the movers' average income; pairs outside a state's top ten origins and destinations are not published.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Households moving inIRSGap +293,459 (+2,129%) | 307,240#2 of 50 | 13,781#48 of 50 | +293,459+2,129% | TX |
| Households moving outIRSGap +236,940 (+1,714%) | 250,767#47 of 50 | 13,827#3 of 50 | +236,940+1,714% | ND |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap +56,519 | +56,473#1 of 50 | -46#28 of 50 | +56,519 | TX |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap +1.9 | +1.8#12 of 50 | -0.1#28 of 50 | +1.9 | TX |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap +$29,036 (+53%) | $83,632#14 of 50 | $54,596#50 of 50 | +$29,036+53% | TX |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap +$15,555 (+24%) | $80,359#15 of 50 | $64,804#42 of 50 | +$15,555+24% | TX |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap +1.5 | +2.1#19 of 50 | +0.6#29 of 50 | +1.5 | TX |
Each state's total inbound and outbound households and the movers' average income from IRS Statistics of Income; net domestic migration per 1,000 residents from Census Bureau population estimates. Latest releases.
Which is better for retirees, families or remote workers, Texas or North Dakota?
North Dakota is the better fit for families, retirees, remote workers, young professionals, small business, and outdoor enthusiasts. Each index re-weights the same 11 category scores for one kind of household.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FamiliesGap +30 places | #35score 57.5 | #5score 81.1 | +30 places | ND |
| RetireesGap +29 places | #33score 58.8 | #4score 79.1 | +29 places | ND |
| Remote WorkersGap +20 places | #25score 52 | #5score 73.2 | +20 places | ND |
| Young ProfessionalsGap +25 places | #28score 53 | #3score 75.9 | +25 places | ND |
| Small BusinessGap +12 places | #15score 64.3 | #3score 79.1 | +12 places | ND |
| Outdoor EnthusiastsGap +34 places | #45score 26.6 | #11score 59.9 | +34 places | ND |
Rank of 50 on each lifestyle index. A state is called ahead when the ranks are at least 4 places apart.
- FamiliesNorth Dakota (#5 vs #35)
- RetireesNorth Dakota (#4 vs #33)
- Remote WorkersNorth Dakota (#5 vs #25)
- Young ProfessionalsNorth Dakota (#3 vs #28)
- Small BusinessNorth Dakota (#3 vs #15)
- Outdoor EnthusiastsNorth Dakota (#11 vs #45)
Which cities stand out in Texas and North Dakota?
Texas has 74 tracked cities and North Dakota has 20; the largest are Houston and Fargo. The table picks the best city in each state for one purpose at a time.
| Best for | TexasTX | North DakotaND |
|---|---|---|
| Largest citypopulation | Houston2,328,253 people | Fargo131,627 people |
| Highest composite scorecomposite score | Flower Moundscore 67.4 | West Fargoscore 69.3 |
| Safest cityviolent crime per 100,000 | Flower Mound42 violent per 100K | Lincoln44 violent per 100K |
| Cheapest citycost of living index | McAllencost index 85.9 | Grand Forkscost index 86.7 |
| Most walkableEPA walkability index, 1 to 20 | Richardsonwalkability 13 of 20 | West Fargowalkability 14.9 of 20 |
| Cleanest airmedian air quality index, county | Amarillocounty median AQI 16 | Minotcounty median AQI 36 |
| Best schoolsgraduation rate, % | — | Beulah95% graduation rate |
| Richest citymedian household income | Flower Moundmedian income $161,235 | Horacemedian income $138,578 |
| Fastest growingpopulation growth, % | Kyle+6.1% growth | Horace+12.7% growth |
Among the 20 tracked cities in each state. Census ACS, FBI, NCES and BEA data, latest releases.
How do Texas and North Dakota compare on everything else?
State finances, environment, and getting around. Texas carries AAA credit rating and North Dakota AA+.
Show fiscal, environment and commuting tables
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renewable share of electricityGap -4 pts · US 29.34% | 37%#15 of 50 | 41%#13 of 50 | -4 pts | 29.34% | ND |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap -28.7 (-54%) · US 29.6 | 24.0#21 of 50 | 52.7#46 of 50 | -28.7-54% | 29.6 | TX |
| Public land shareGap -2.1 pts · US 17.16% | 1.8%#45 of 50 | 3.9%#39 of 50 | -2.1 pts | 17.16% | ND |
| Mean travel time to workGap +10 min · US 25.2 min | 27.5 min#41 of 50 | 17.5 min#1 of 50 | +10 min | 25.2 min | ND |
| Commuters using public transitGap +0.5 pts · US 2.29% | 1%#25 of 50 | 0.5%#40 of 50 | +0.5 pts | 2.29% | TX |
| Workers working from homeGap +5.8 pts · US 12.28% | 12.9%#22 of 50 | 7.1%#49 of 50 | +5.8 pts | 12.28% | TX |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap +3 pts · US 92.67% | 93.7%#13 of 50 | 90.7%#44 of 50 | +3 pts | 92.67% | TX |
Renewable share of electricity from the EIA; natural disaster risk from FEMA's National Risk Index; public land share from USGS PAD-US; mean travel time to work, transit and work-from-home shares from the Census Bureau ACS; households with a broadband subscription from the Census Bureau ACS.
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap +5 pts · US 92.7 | 100#15 of 50 | 95#19 of 50 | +5 pts | 92.7 | TX |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap -0.8 pts · US 12.39% | 17.8%#6 of 50 | 18.6%#5 of 50 | -0.8 pts | 12.39% | ND |
| Pension funded ratioGap +6 pts · US 74.3% | 76%#22 of 50 | 70%#33 of 50 | +6 pts | 74.3% | TX |
| State debt per capitaGap -$340 (-16%) · US $3,506 | $1,850#8 of 50 | $2,190#13 of 50 | -$340-16% | $3,506 | TX |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -3.6 pts · US +4.66% | +5.2%#22 of 50 | +8.8%#3 of 50 | -3.6 pts | +4.66% | ND |
Credit rating index (S&P / Moody's; Texas AAA, North Dakota AA+), rainy-day fund and budget balance as a share of spending (Pew, NASBO), pension funded ratio (Pew) and state debt per capita (Census Bureau).
Texas vs North Dakota: every metric side by side
Every measure behind the category scores, with each state's rank of 50 and the US figure. Texas is ahead on 20 of 51, North Dakota on 22, and 9 are even.
Show all 54 metrics
| Measure | TexasTX | North DakotaND | GapTX−ND | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PopulationGap +30,910,463 (+3,867%) · US 6.8 million | 31.7 million#2 of 50 | 799,358#47 of 50 | +30,910,463+3,867% | 6.8 million | TX |
| Median household incomeGap +$1,850 (+2%) · US $80,903 | $79,721#24 of 50 | $77,871#25 of 50 | +$1,850+2% | $80,903 | Even |
| Unemployment rateGap +1.6 pts · US 3.95% | 4.2%#30 of 50 | 2.6%#3 of 50 | +1.6 pts | 3.95% | ND |
| Population growthGap +0.5 pts · US +0.51% | +1.25%#4 of 50 | +0.75%#14 of 50 | +0.5 pts | +0.51% | TX |
| GDP per capitaGap -$4,994 (-7%) · US $64,333 | $68,820#14 of 50 | $73,814#10 of 50 | -$4,994-7% | $64,333 | ND |
| Real GDP growthGap +4.8 pts · US +1.91% | +3.8%#2 of 50 | -1%#49 of 50 | +4.8 pts | +1.91% | TX |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +88 (+34%) · US 328 | 345#31 of 50 | 257#22 of 50 | +88+34% | 328 | ND |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +88 (+5%) · US 1,535 | 1,786#39 of 50 | 1,698#37 of 50 | +88+5% | 1,535 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap +4.6 pts · US 85.62% | 89.7%#8 of 50 | 85.1%#32 of 50 | +4.6 pts | 85.62% | TX |
| NAEP math score, grade 4Gap -1 · US 237 | 241#8 of 50 | 241#6 of 50 | -1 | 237 | Even |
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap -10 · US 273 | 269#34 of 50 | 280#8 of 50 | -10 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 4Gap -4 · US 214 | 212#37 of 50 | 216#21 of 50 | -4 | 214 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap -5 · US 257 | 252#44 of 50 | 257#24 of 50 | -5 | 257 | Even |
| Life expectancyGap -0.8 yrs · US 76.9 | 77.1#27 of 50 | 77.9#17 of 50 | -0.8 yrs | 76.9 | ND |
| Adults with obesityGap -1.2 pts · US 34.03% | 35.6%#32 of 50 | 36.8%#36 of 50 | -1.2 pts | 34.03% | TX |
| Residents without health insuranceGap +10.6 pts · US 7.6% | 16.7%#50 of 50 | 6.1%#17 of 50 | +10.6 pts | 7.6% | ND |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap +$7,074 (+2%) · US $368,697 | $299,367#18 of 50 | $292,293#16 of 50 | +$7,074+2% | $368,697 | Even |
| Home value change, one yearGap -6.8 pts · US +1.2% | -1.6%#49 of 50 | +5.2%#4 of 50 | -6.8 pts | +1.2% | ND |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap +$559 (+51%) · US $1,948 | $1,659#23 of 50 | $1,100#1 of 50 | +$559+51% | $1,948 | ND |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap +$8,519 (+11%) · US $100,006 | $88,061#21 of 50 | $79,542#15 of 50 | +$8,519+11% | $100,006 | ND |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +8.1 pts (+9%) · US 100 | 97.1#27 of 50 | 89#8 of 50 | +8.1 pts+9% | 100 | ND |
| Home value to income ratioGap 0x (0%) · US 4.6x | 3.8x#18 of 50 | 3.8x#17 of 50 | 0x0% | 4.6x | Even |
| Residential electricity priceGap +3.66¢ (+31%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 15.47¢/kWh#28 of 50 | 11.81¢/kWh#1 of 50 | +3.66¢+31% | 17.84¢/kWh | ND |
| Residential natural gas priceGap +$9.92 (+104%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $19.42/Mcf#44 of 50 | $9.50/Mcf#3 of 50 | +$9.92+104% | $15.83/Mcf | ND |
| Gasoline priceGap -$0.43 (-13%) · US $3.32/gal | $2.88/gal#1 of 50 | $3.31/gal#31 of 50 | -$0.43-13% | $3.32/gal | TX |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap +2.4 pts (+3%) · US 100 | 98.1#34 of 50 | 95.7#13 of 50 | +2.4 pts+3% | 100 | ND |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap -$1,387 (-11%) · US $15,633 | $10,894#8 of 50 | $12,281#12 of 50 | -$1,387-11% | $15,633 | TX |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap +1.16 pts · US 8.74% | 7.77%#11 of 50 | 6.61%#8 of 50 | +1.16 pts | 8.74% | ND |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap -2.5 pts · US 5.46% | none#7 of 50 | 2.5%#10 of 50 | -2.5 pts | 5.46% | TX |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.64 pts · US 1.02% | 1.63%#44 of 50 | 0.99%#29 of 50 | +0.64 pts | 1.02% | ND |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +1.11 pts · US 6.66% | 8.2%#37 of 50 | 7.09%#29 of 50 | +1.11 pts | 6.66% | ND |
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap +5 pts · US 92.7 | 100#15 of 50 | 95#19 of 50 | +5 pts | 92.7 | TX |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap -0.8 pts · US 12.39% | 17.8%#6 of 50 | 18.6%#5 of 50 | -0.8 pts | 12.39% | ND |
| Pension funded ratioGap +6 pts · US 74.3% | 76%#22 of 50 | 70%#33 of 50 | +6 pts | 74.3% | TX |
| State debt per capitaGap -$340 (-16%) · US $3,506 | $1,850#8 of 50 | $2,190#13 of 50 | -$340-16% | $3,506 | TX |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -3.6 pts · US +4.66% | +5.2%#22 of 50 | +8.8%#3 of 50 | -3.6 pts | +4.66% | ND |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap +5 pts (+13%) · US 38.8 | 43#40 of 50 | 38#19 of 50 | +5 pts+13% | 38.8 | ND |
| Renewable share of electricityGap -4 pts · US 29.34% | 37%#15 of 50 | 41%#13 of 50 | -4 pts | 29.34% | ND |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap -28.7 (-54%) · US 29.6 | 24.0#21 of 50 | 52.7#46 of 50 | -28.7-54% | 29.6 | TX |
| Public land shareGap -2.1 pts · US 17.16% | 1.8%#45 of 50 | 3.9%#39 of 50 | -2.1 pts | 17.16% | ND |
| Mean travel time to workGap +10 min · US 25.2 min | 27.5 min#41 of 50 | 17.5 min#1 of 50 | +10 min | 25.2 min | ND |
| Commuters using public transitGap +0.5 pts · US 2.29% | 1%#25 of 50 | 0.5%#40 of 50 | +0.5 pts | 2.29% | TX |
| Workers working from homeGap +5.8 pts · US 12.28% | 12.9%#22 of 50 | 7.1%#49 of 50 | +5.8 pts | 12.28% | TX |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap +3 pts · US 92.67% | 93.7%#13 of 50 | 90.7%#44 of 50 | +3 pts | 92.67% | TX |
| Households moving inIRSGap +293,459 (+2,129%) · US 78,682 | 307,240#2 of 50 | 13,781#48 of 50 | +293,459+2,129% | 78,682 | TX |
| Households moving outIRSGap +236,940 (+1,714%) · US 78,715 | 250,767#47 of 50 | 13,827#3 of 50 | +236,940+1,714% | 78,715 | ND |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap +56,519 · US -33 | +56,473#1 of 50 | -46#28 of 50 | +56,519 | -33 | TX |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap +1.9 · US +0.4 | +1.8#12 of 50 | -0.1#28 of 50 | +1.9 | +0.4 | TX |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap +$29,036 (+53%) · US $77,690 | $83,632#14 of 50 | $54,596#50 of 50 | +$29,036+53% | $77,690 | TX |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap +$15,555 (+24%) · US $77,024 | $80,359#15 of 50 | $64,804#42 of 50 | +$15,555+24% | $77,024 | TX |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap +1.5 · US +1.1 | +2.1#19 of 50 | +0.6#29 of 50 | +1.5 | +1.1 | TX |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap +$978 · US -$11,758 | -$144#9 of 50 | -$1,122#11 of 50 | +$978 | -$11,758 | TX |
| Left after costs, single adultearning $75K a yearGap -$930 · US +$31,418 | +$35,541#13 of 50 | +$36,471#9 of 50 | -$930 | +$31,418 | Even |
| Left after costs, retiree coupleearning $75K a yearGap -$1,397 · US +$35,970 | +$39,506#15 of 50 | +$40,903#10 of 50 | -$1,397 | +$35,970 | ND |
Every metric in the registry, direction-aware: ahead means better for a resident. Ranks are among the states with data. Sources are listed at the foot of the page.
Key takeaways
What the Texas and North Dakota numbers say when read together.
North Dakota ranks higher overall
North Dakota leads 8 of the 11 categories to Texas's 0, with 3 even. Across all 51 measures with data on both sides, Texas is ahead on 20 and North Dakota on 22.
North Dakota is cheaper day to day
North Dakota's cost of living index is 89 against 97.1 in Texas (US = 100). The typical home costs $299,367 in Texas and $292,293 in North Dakota. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$144 a year after typical costs in Texas and -$1,122 in North Dakota.
North Dakota takes a smaller share in taxes
Texas collects 7.77% of income in state and local taxes (no income tax, high property tax, with sales tax in the middle of the pack); North Dakota collects 6.61% (low income tax, with property and sales taxes in the middle of the pack).
North Dakota is safer
Median household income is $79,721 in Texas and $77,871 in North Dakota, with unemployment at 4.2% and 2.6%. Violent crime runs 345 per 100,000 residents in Texas and 257 in North Dakota.
Moves between the two run about even
1,407 people moved from Texas to North Dakota and 1,462 the other way, a gap inside the survey's margin of error.
North Dakota fits families and retirees better
For families, Texas ranks #35 of 50 and North Dakota #5; for retirees, Texas ranks #33 and North Dakota #4.
Texas vs North Dakota: frequently asked questions
Is Texas or North Dakota better to live in?
Texas ranks #32 of 50 overall and North Dakota #5 as of the latest release. North Dakota is cheaper to live in (cost of living index 89 vs 97.1), has a 1.2-point lower tax burden, and has a 26% lower violent crime rate. North Dakota scores higher overall, leading 8 of 11 categories to 0.
Is Texas cheaper than North Dakota?
North Dakota is cheaper than Texas: cost of living index 89 vs 97.1 (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 would have -$144 left after typical housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes in Texas, and -$1,122 in North Dakota. The typical home value is $299,367 in Texas and $292,293 in North Dakota.
Which has lower taxes, Texas or North Dakota?
North Dakota has the lower tax burden: 6.61% of income in state and local taxes vs 7.77% in Texas. Texas's top income tax rate is zero, its effective property tax rate 1.63% and its combined sales tax 8.2%; North Dakota's are 2.5%, 0.99% and 7.09%.
Is Texas safer than North Dakota?
North Dakota is safer: 257 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 345 in Texas, per the FBI. Texas ranks #31 of 50 for violent crime and North Dakota #22. Property crime is 1,786 per 100,000 in Texas and 1,698 in North Dakota. North Dakota shows the FBI's prior-year estimate because the FBI flags its latest year as based on limited data. The safest tracked cities are Flower Mound, TX, and Lincoln, ND.
Are homes more expensive in Texas or North Dakota?
Typical home values are about the same: $299,367 in Texas and $292,293 in North Dakota. Buying the typical home takes about $88,061 of household income in Texas and $79,542 in North Dakota, against median incomes of $79,721 and $77,871.
Do people earn more in Texas or North Dakota?
Texas and North Dakota pay about the same: median household income is $79,721 vs $77,871, per the Census Bureau. Unemployment is 4.2% in Texas and 2.6% in North Dakota. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, Texas's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 20 after adjusting for local costs and North Dakota's in 0.
Are more people moving from Texas to North Dakota or from North Dakota to Texas?
874 households moved from Texas to North Dakota and 920 moved from North Dakota to Texas in the latest IRS release, a net gain of 46 households for Texas. Movers to North Dakota reported an average income of $51,860; movers to Texas reported $70,007. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, counting people, shows 1,407 people (±661) moving from Texas to North Dakota and 1,462 (±1,313) the other way, a gap inside the margin of error, so the flows are roughly balanced.
Which is better for retirees, Texas or North Dakota?
North Dakota is the better fit for retirees: #4 of 50 on the retiree index vs #33 for Texas. Texas has no income tax, high property tax, with sales tax in the middle of the pack; North Dakota has low income tax, with property and sales taxes in the middle of the pack. A retiree couple on $75,000 would have +$39,506 left after typical costs in Texas and +$40,903 in North Dakota.
Which is better for families, Texas or North Dakota?
North Dakota is the better fit for families: #5 of 50 on the families index vs #35 for Texas. Center-based infant care costs $10,894 a year in Texas and $12,281 in North Dakota. High school graduation rates are 89.7% and 85.1%. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$144 after typical costs in Texas and -$1,122 in North Dakota.
Is North Dakota better than Texas?
Yes: North Dakota ranks higher than Texas overall, #5 of 50 vs #32, with a composite score of 75.5 to 52.2. North Dakota leads 8 of 11 categories and Texas leads 0. Which is better for you depends on how you weigh cost, safety, schools, taxes and pay.
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