Washington vs Arizona: Which Is Better to Live In?
Washington ranks #20 of 50 overall and Arizona #38 as of the latest release. Arizona is cheaper to live in (cost of living index 100.7 vs 107), collects a similar share of income in taxes, and has a 25% higher violent crime rate. Washington scores higher overall, leading 7 of 11 categories to 2.
- Income needed to buy the typical home is 33% lower in Arizona ($104,042 vs. $155,542 in Washington).
- Center-based infant care, per year is 29% lower in Arizona ($16,384 vs. $23,136 in Washington).
- Violent crime rate is 25% lower in Washington (284 vs. 378 in Arizona).
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall scorecomposite of 100, rank of 50Gap +14 pts | 61.8#20 of 50 · B | 47.8#38 of 50 · C | +14 pts | — | WA |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +6.3 pts (+6%) · US 100 | 107#46 of 50 | 100.7#35 of 50 | +6.3 pts+6% | 100 | AZ |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap -$28,320 · US -$11,758 | -$47,893#47 of 50 | -$19,573#29 of 50 | -$28,320 | -$11,758 | AZ |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap +$173,889 (+42%) · US $368,697 | $591,879#47 of 50 | $417,990#34 of 50 | +$173,889+42% | $368,697 | AZ |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap +0.39 pts · US 8.74% | 8.61%#22 of 50 | 8.22%#17 of 50 | +0.39 pts | 8.74% | Even |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap -94 (-25%) · US 328 | 284#25 of 50 | 378#36 of 50 | -94-25% | 328 | WA |
| Median household incomeGap +$17,903 (+22%) · US $80,903 | $99,389#7 of 50 | $81,486#20 of 50 | +$17,903+22% | $80,903 | WA |
| High school graduation rateGap +6.3 pts · US 85.62% | 83.6%#36 of 50 | 77.3%#49 of 50 | +6.3 pts | 85.62% | WA |
| Life expectancyGap +1.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 78.4#13 of 50 | 76.7#30 of 50 | +1.7 yrs | 76.9 | WA |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -7,477 · US -33 | +9,839#9 of 50 | +17,316#6 of 50 | -7,477 | -33 | AZ |
Cost of living index from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (US = 100). Left after costs from the America's Dashboard affordability engine for a family of four earning $75,000. Typical home value from Zillow Research. Tax burden from WalletHub. Violent crime from the FBI, per 100,000 residents. Income and graduation from the Census Bureau and NCES. Life expectancy from the CDC. Net households from IRS Statistics of Income. US column is the 50-state average or median.
Is Washington or Arizona better to live in?
Washington scores higher overall: 61.8 to 47.8 out of 100, #20 of 50 against #38. Washington leads 7 of 11 categories, Arizona leads 2, and 2 are within 3 points.
| Category | Weight | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | Gap | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy15% of scoregap +9.7 | 15% | 52.3#16 · B+ | 42.6#31 · C+ | +9.7 pts | WA |
| Safety12% of scoregap +0.7 | 12% | 63.9#30 · C+ | 63.2#32 · C+ | +0.7 pts | Even |
| Health12% of scoregap +18.5 | 12% | 68.2#13 · B+ | 49.7#31 · C+ | +18.5 pts | WA |
| Education12% of scoregap +24.8 | 12% | 57.4#29 · C+ | 32.6#47 · D | +24.8 pts | WA |
| Affordability10% of scoregap -21.2 | 10% | 39.1#46 · D | 60.3#35 · C | -21.2 pts | AZ |
| Fiscal Health8% of scoregap +4.9 | 8% | 64.3#17 · B+ | 59.4#25 · B | +4.9 pts | WA |
| Growth7% of scoregap -7.5 | 7% | 40.8#24 · B | 48.3#16 · B+ | -7.5 pts | AZ |
| Transportation7% of scoregap +5.2 | 7% | 58.6#8 · A | 53.4#18 · B+ | +5.2 pts | WA |
| Livability7% of scoregap +9.6 | 7% | 33.9#25 · B | 24.3#42 · C | +9.6 pts | WA |
| Outdoor Access6% of scoregap -2.3 | 6% | 35.4#19 · B | 37.7#16 · B+ | -2.3 pts | Even |
| Environment4% of scoregap +47.2 | 4% | 73.1#3 · A+ | 25.9#44 · D | +47.2 pts | WA |
Scores run 0 to 100 within each category; weight is the category's share of the composite. Grades follow rank (1–5 A+, 6–10 A, 11–18 B+, 19–26 B, 27–34 C+, 35–42 C, 43–48 D, 49–50 F). Methodology →
Is Washington cheaper than Arizona?
Arizona is cheaper: cost of living index 100.7 vs 107 in Washington (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 keeps $28,320 more a year in Arizona after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +6.3 pts (+6%) · US 100 | 107#46 of 50 | 100.7#35 of 50 | +6.3 pts+6% | 100 | AZ |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap +9 pts (+9%) · US 100 | 104.4#44 of 50 | 95.4#10 of 50 | +9 pts+9% | 100 | AZ |
| Residential electricity priceGap -2.21¢ (-14%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 13.11¢/kWh#8 of 50 | 15.32¢/kWh#25 of 50 | -2.21¢-14% | 17.84¢/kWh | WA |
| Residential natural gas priceGap -$0.96 (-5%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $17.62/Mcf#38 of 50 | $18.58/Mcf#40 of 50 | -$0.96-5% | $15.83/Mcf | WA |
| Gasoline priceGap +$0.27 (+7%) · US $3.32/gal | $4.07/gal#47 of 50 | $3.80/gal#44 of 50 | +$0.27+7% | $3.32/gal | AZ |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap +$6,752 (+41%) · US $15,633 | $23,136#47 of 50 | $16,384#30 of 50 | +$6,752+41% | $15,633 | AZ |
Cost of living index and the price level for goods from the Bureau of Economic Analysis regional price parities (US = 100). Electricity, natural gas and gasoline prices from the EIA; center-based infant care from Child Care Aware of America. Lower is ahead.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single Adultearning $75,000Gap -$7,625 | +$22,132costs $52,869 | +$29,757costs $45,244 | -$7,625 | AZ |
| Couple, No Kidsearning $75,000Gap -$11,356 | +$8,419costs $66,582 | +$19,775costs $55,225 | -$11,356 | AZ |
| Family of 4earning $75,000Gap -$28,320 | -$47,893costs $122,893 | -$19,573costs $94,573 | -$28,320 | AZ |
| Retiree Coupleearning $75,000Gap -$9,760 | +$23,667costs $51,333 | +$33,427costs $41,573 | -$9,760 | AZ |
Income left after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and state and local taxes for four household types earning $75,000, from the affordability engine. Negative means typical costs exceed take-home pay.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HousingGap +$13,419 | $41,123 | $27,704 | +$13,419 | AZ |
| ChildcareGap +$13,504 | $46,272 | $32,768 | +$13,504 | AZ |
| UtilitiesGap +$302 | $5,136 | $4,834 | +$302 | Even |
| GroceriesGap +$1,014 | $11,759 | $10,745 | +$1,014 | AZ |
| TransportationGap +$848 | $12,791 | $11,943 | +$848 | AZ |
| State and local taxesGap -$767 | $5,812 | $6,579 | -$767 | WA |
Annual cost lines for a family of four (two adults, two children). Lower is ahead.
Which has lower taxes, Washington or Arizona?
Washington and Arizona collect a similar share of income in state and local taxes: 8.61% vs 8.22%. Washington has no income tax, high sales tax, with property tax in the middle of the pack; Arizona has low income tax, low property tax, high sales tax.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap +0.39 pts · US 8.74% | 8.61%#22 of 50 | 8.22%#17 of 50 | +0.39 pts | 8.74% | Even |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap -2.5 pts · US 5.46% | none#4 of 50 | 2.5%#11 of 50 | -2.5 pts | 5.46% | WA |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.32 pts · US 1.02% | 0.88%#27 of 50 | 0.56%#11 of 50 | +0.32 pts | 1.02% | Even |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +0.99 pts · US 6.66% | 9.51%#48 of 50 | 8.52%#40 of 50 | +0.99 pts | 6.66% | AZ |
Total tax burden (state and local taxes as a share of personal income) from WalletHub; top marginal income tax rate, effective property tax rate and combined state and local sales tax from the Tax Foundation. Lower is ahead.
Are homes more expensive in Washington or Arizona?
Homes cost 42% more in Washington: a typical home value of $591,879 in Washington vs $417,990 in Arizona. Buying the typical home takes about $155,542 of income in Washington and $104,042 in Arizona; the median household earns $99,389 and $81,486.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap +$173,889 (+42%) · US $368,697 | $591,879#47 of 50 | $417,990#34 of 50 | +$173,889+42% | $368,697 | AZ |
| Home value change, one yearGap +0.8 pts · US +1.2% | -0.3%#43 of 50 | -1.1%#46 of 50 | +0.8 pts | +1.2% | WA |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap +$556 (+32%) · US $1,948 | $2,278#41 of 50 | $1,722#25 of 50 | +$556+32% | $1,948 | AZ |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap +$51,500 (+49%) · US $100,006 | $155,542#46 of 50 | $104,042#30 of 50 | +$51,500+49% | $100,006 | AZ |
| Home value to income ratioGap +0.9x (+18%) · US 4.6x | 6x#44 of 50 | 5.1x#35 of 50 | +0.9x+18% | 4.6x | AZ |
Typical home value, one-year change, largest-metro rent and income needed to buy from Zillow Research (a modeled estimate, not a median). Price-to-income ratio divides that typical home value by ACS median household income. Lower is ahead.
| WA | AZ | |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly payment, 20% down | $3,045 | $2,151 |
| Income needed vs. median | +57% | +28% |
| Five-year change | +11.1% | +9.1% |
| Market temperature | Cool | Cold |
| Largest metro | Seattle | Phoenix |
Income needed vs. median: how far the income required to buy the typical home sits above (+) or below (−) the state's median household income. Temperature blends price cuts, days to pending and inventory against the national market (Zillow).
Do people earn more in Washington or Arizona?
Washington pays more: median household income $99,389 vs $81,486, with unemployment at 4.7% in Washington and 4.3% in Arizona. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, Washington's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 20 after adjusting for local costs and Arizona's in 0.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household incomeGap +$17,903 (+22%) · US $80,903 | $99,389#7 of 50 | $81,486#20 of 50 | +$17,903+22% | $80,903 | WA |
| Unemployment rateGap +0.4 pts · US 3.95% | 4.7%#43 of 50 | 4.3%#35 of 50 | +0.4 pts | 3.95% | Even |
| GDP per capitaGap +$31,166 (+53%) · US $64,333 | $89,989#3 of 50 | $58,823#33 of 50 | +$31,166+53% | $64,333 | WA |
| Real GDP growthGap +0.1 pts · US +1.91% | +3.2%#5 of 50 | +3.1%#7 of 50 | +0.1 pts | +1.91% | Even |
| Population growthGap +0.03 pts · US +0.51% | +0.92%#7 of 50 | +0.89%#8 of 50 | +0.03 pts | +0.51% | Even |
Median household income from the Census Bureau ACS; unemployment from BLS LAUS; GDP per capita and real GDP growth from the BEA; population growth from Census Bureau estimates.
Show all 20 occupations
| Occupation | WA | AZ | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|
| Software Developers | $201,709$219,863 in Seattle | $125,121$126,372 in Phoenix | WA |
| Family Medicine Physicians | $256,858$279,975 in Seattle | $221,024$223,234 in Phoenix | WA |
| General & Operations Managers | $111,897$121,968 in Seattle | $94,277$95,220 in Phoenix | WA |
| Lawyers | $160,128$174,540 in Seattle | $142,521$143,946 in Phoenix | WA |
| Registered Nurses | $100,733$109,799 in Seattle | $84,378$85,222 in Phoenix | WA |
| Accountants & Auditors | $91,449$99,679 in Seattle | $75,251$76,004 in Phoenix | WA |
| Civil Engineers | $113,237$123,428 in Seattle | $97,481$98,456 in Phoenix | WA |
| Electricians | $71,567$78,008 in Seattle | $57,147$57,718 in Phoenix | WA |
| Dietitians & Nutritionists | $81,341$88,662 in Seattle | $68,674$69,361 in Phoenix | WA |
| Police & Sheriff's Patrol Officers | $85,146$92,809 in Seattle | $73,518$74,253 in Phoenix | WA |
| Mental Health Counselors | $62,718$68,363 in Seattle | $51,113$51,624 in Phoenix | WA |
| Welders, Cutters & Brazers | $57,121$62,262 in Seattle | $45,927$46,386 in Phoenix | WA |
| Sales Representatives (Wholesale/Manufacturing) | $72,161$78,655 in Seattle | $61,348$61,961 in Phoenix | WA |
| Computer Systems Analysts | $114,134$124,406 in Seattle | $103,475$104,510 in Phoenix | WA |
| HVAC Mechanics & Installers | $65,972$71,909 in Seattle | $55,599$56,155 in Phoenix | WA |
| Secondary School Teachers | $72,237$78,738 in Seattle | $64,308$64,951 in Phoenix | WA |
| Cooks, Restaurant | $40,081$43,688 in Seattle | $32,432$32,756 in Phoenix | WA |
| Construction Laborers | $50,324$54,853 in Seattle | $42,890$43,319 in Phoenix | WA |
| Heavy & Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers | $60,319$65,748 in Seattle | $53,275$53,808 in Phoenix | WA |
| Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN) | $61,461$66,992 in Seattle | $56,367$56,931 in Phoenix | WA |
BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release: the median wage in each state's best-paying metro, adjusted for that metro's cost of living (BEA regional price parities). Sorted by the size of the gap.
Is Washington safer than Arizona?
Washington is safer: 284 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 378 in Arizona (FBI). Property crime runs 1,975 and 1,514 per 100,000.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap -94 (-25%) · US 328 | 284#25 of 50 | 378#36 of 50 | -94-25% | 328 | WA |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +461 (+30%) · US 1,535 | 1,975#46 of 50 | 1,514#29 of 50 | +461+30% | 1,535 | AZ |
FBI state crime estimates, offenses per 100,000 residents, latest release. Florida and North Dakota use the FBI's prior-year estimate because the latest year is based on limited data. Lower is ahead.
- Kirkland, WA67 violent per 100K
- Marana, AZ61 violent per 100K
Among each state's 20 tracked cities, latest FBI release.
Which has better schools and health, Washington or Arizona?
Washington scores higher for education (#29 of 50 vs #47), with high school graduation rates of 83.6% and 77.3%. Washington scores higher for health (#13 vs #31); life expectancy is 78.4 years in Washington and 76.7 in Arizona.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap +4 · US 273 | 274#25 of 50 | 270#33 of 50 | +4 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap +5 · US 257 | 259#17 of 50 | 254#39 of 50 | +5 | 257 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap +6.3 pts · US 85.62% | 83.6%#36 of 50 | 77.3%#49 of 50 | +6.3 pts | 85.62% | WA |
| Life expectancyGap +1.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 78.4#13 of 50 | 76.7#30 of 50 | +1.7 yrs | 76.9 | WA |
| Adults with obesityGap -1.8 pts · US 34.03% | 31.5%#13 of 50 | 33.3%#21 of 50 | -1.8 pts | 34.03% | WA |
| Residents without health insuranceGap -3.8 pts · US 7.6% | 6.5%#19 of 50 | 10.3%#44 of 50 | -3.8 pts | 7.6% | WA |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap -17 pts (-38%) · US 38.8 | 28#4 of 50 | 45#48 of 50 | -17 pts-38% | 38.8 | WA |
High school graduation rate from NCES; life expectancy from the CDC National Center for Health Statistics; median air quality index from EPA AirData (lower is cleaner).
- Sammamish, WAeducation score 94.4
- Peoria, AZeducation score 95.1
City education scores blend graduation rate, student-teacher ratio and per-pupil spending (NCES). State education scores combine NAEP math and reading with the graduation rate; health scores combine life expectancy, adult obesity and the uninsured rate. Education: Washington #29, Arizona #47. Health: Washington #13, Arizona #31.
Are more people moving from Washington to Arizona, or from Arizona to Washington?
8,011 households moved from Washington to Arizona and 5,803 moved from Arizona to Washington in the latest IRS release, a net gain of 2,208 households for Arizona. Movers to Arizona reported an average income of $112,245; movers to Washington reported $88,640. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, counting people, shows 17,601 people (±3,256) moving from Washington to Arizona and 8,638 (±2,604) the other way, a net gain of about 8,963 people for Arizona beyond the margin of error.
Bars show people (Census ACS, latest release, with 90% margins of error). IRS counts tax-filing households and reports the movers' average income; pairs outside a state's top ten origins and destinations are not published.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Households moving inIRSGap +509 (0%) | 122,184#9 of 50 | 121,675#10 of 50 | +5090% | Even |
| Households moving outIRSGap +7,986 (+8%) | 112,345#40 of 50 | 104,359#38 of 50 | +7,986+8% | AZ |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -7,477 | +9,839#9 of 50 | +17,316#6 of 50 | -7,477 | AZ |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap -1.1 | +1.2#18 of 50 | +2.3#10 of 50 | -1.1 | AZ |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap +$2,393 (+3%) | $89,890#8 of 50 | $87,497#11 of 50 | +$2,393+3% | Even |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap +$24,529 (+32%) | $100,122#7 of 50 | $75,593#21 of 50 | +$24,529+32% | WA |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap -2.9 | +1.2#24 of 50 | +4.1#12 of 50 | -2.9 | AZ |
Each state's total inbound and outbound households and the movers' average income from IRS Statistics of Income; net domestic migration per 1,000 residents from Census Bureau population estimates. Latest releases.
Which is better for retirees, families or remote workers, Washington or Arizona?
Washington is the better fit for families, retirees, remote workers, young professionals, small business, and outdoor enthusiasts. Each index re-weights the same 11 category scores for one kind of household.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FamiliesGap -13 places | #32score 61 | #45score 47.8 | -13 places | WA |
| RetireesGap -20 places | #17score 66.7 | #37score 54.6 | -20 places | WA |
| Remote WorkersGap -16 places | #19score 54.8 | #35score 47.2 | -16 places | WA |
| Young ProfessionalsGap -4 places | #27score 53.3 | #31score 51 | -4 places | WA |
| Small BusinessGap -7 places | #23score 58.8 | #30score 52.2 | -7 places | WA |
| Outdoor EnthusiastsGap -15 places | #13score 57.4 | #28score 42.7 | -15 places | WA |
Rank of 50 on each lifestyle index. A state is called ahead when the ranks are at least 4 places apart.
- FamiliesWashington (#32 vs #45)
- RetireesWashington (#17 vs #37)
- Remote WorkersWashington (#19 vs #35)
- Young ProfessionalsWashington (#27 vs #31)
- Small BusinessWashington (#23 vs #30)
- Outdoor EnthusiastsWashington (#13 vs #28)
Which cities stand out in Washington and Arizona?
Washington has 26 tracked cities and Arizona has 23; the largest are Seattle and Phoenix. The table picks the best city in each state for one purpose at a time.
| Best for | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ |
|---|---|---|
| Largest citypopulation | Seattle754,195 people | Phoenix1,642,323 people |
| Highest composite scorecomposite score | Redmondscore 71.1 | Queen Creekscore 66.2 |
| Safest cityviolent crime per 100,000 | Kirkland67 violent per 100K | Marana61 violent per 100K |
| Cheapest citycost of living index | Yakimacost index 95.5 | Yumacost index 92.7 |
| Most walkableEPA walkability index, 1 to 20 | Seattlewalkability 15.8 of 20 | Tempewalkability 14.2 of 20 |
| Cleanest airmedian air quality index, county | Pascocounty median AQI 23 | Lake Havasu Citycounty median AQI 17 |
| Best schoolsgraduation rate, % | Sammamish94.4% graduation rate | Peoria95.1% graduation rate |
| Richest citymedian household income | Sammamishmedian income $239,690 | Queen Creekmedian income $141,978 |
| Fastest growingpopulation growth, % | Kirkland+3% growth | Queen Creek+8.2% growth |
Among the 20 tracked cities in each state. Census ACS, FBI, NCES and BEA data, latest releases.
How do Washington and Arizona compare on everything else?
State finances, environment, and getting around. Washington carries AA+ credit rating and Arizona AA.
Show fiscal, environment and commuting tables
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renewable share of electricityGap +58 pts · US 29.34% | 74%#4 of 50 | 16%#26 of 50 | +58 pts | 29.34% | WA |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap +10.0 (+32%) · US 29.6 | 41.5#41 of 50 | 31.5#30 of 50 | +10.0+32% | 29.6 | AZ |
| Public land shareGap -10.1 pts · US 17.16% | 28.5%#12 of 50 | 38.6%#8 of 50 | -10.1 pts | 17.16% | AZ |
| Mean travel time to workGap +0.8 min · US 25.2 min | 27.2 min#39 of 50 | 26.4 min#31 of 50 | +0.8 min | 25.2 min | Even |
| Commuters using public transitGap +3.1 pts · US 2.29% | 4.2%#7 of 50 | 1.1%#24 of 50 | +3.1 pts | 2.29% | WA |
| Workers working from homeGap +0.1 pts · US 12.28% | 16.4%#3 of 50 | 16.3%#4 of 50 | +0.1 pts | 12.28% | Even |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap +1.4 pts · US 92.67% | 95%#3 of 50 | 93.6%#15 of 50 | +1.4 pts | 92.67% | WA |
Renewable share of electricity from the EIA; natural disaster risk from FEMA's National Risk Index; public land share from USGS PAD-US; mean travel time to work, transit and work-from-home shares from the Census Bureau ACS; households with a broadband subscription from the Census Bureau ACS.
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap +5 pts · US 92.7 | 95#25 of 50 | 90#35 of 50 | +5 pts | 92.7 | WA |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap -1.7 pts · US 12.39% | 9.8%#27 of 50 | 11.5%#21 of 50 | -1.7 pts | 12.39% | AZ |
| Pension funded ratioGap +10 pts · US 74.3% | 82%#12 of 50 | 72%#30 of 50 | +10 pts | 74.3% | WA |
| State debt per capitaGap +$1,460 (+67%) · US $3,506 | $3,650#36 of 50 | $2,190#14 of 50 | +$1,460+67% | $3,506 | AZ |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -2 pts · US +4.66% | +2.8%#40 of 50 | +4.8%#25 of 50 | -2 pts | +4.66% | AZ |
Credit rating index (S&P / Moody's; Washington AA+, Arizona AA), rainy-day fund and budget balance as a share of spending (Pew, NASBO), pension funded ratio (Pew) and state debt per capita (Census Bureau).
Washington vs Arizona: every metric side by side
Every measure behind the category scores, with each state's rank of 50 and the US figure. Washington is ahead on 18 of 51, Arizona on 21, and 12 are even.
Show all 54 metrics
| Measure | WashingtonWA | ArizonaAZ | GapWA−AZ | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PopulationGap +377,202 (+5%) · US 6.8 million | 8 million#13 of 50 | 7.6 million#14 of 50 | +377,202+5% | 6.8 million | WA |
| Median household incomeGap +$17,903 (+22%) · US $80,903 | $99,389#7 of 50 | $81,486#20 of 50 | +$17,903+22% | $80,903 | WA |
| Unemployment rateGap +0.4 pts · US 3.95% | 4.7%#43 of 50 | 4.3%#35 of 50 | +0.4 pts | 3.95% | Even |
| Population growthGap +0.03 pts · US +0.51% | +0.92%#7 of 50 | +0.89%#8 of 50 | +0.03 pts | +0.51% | Even |
| GDP per capitaGap +$31,166 (+53%) · US $64,333 | $89,989#3 of 50 | $58,823#33 of 50 | +$31,166+53% | $64,333 | WA |
| Real GDP growthGap +0.1 pts · US +1.91% | +3.2%#5 of 50 | +3.1%#7 of 50 | +0.1 pts | +1.91% | Even |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap -94 (-25%) · US 328 | 284#25 of 50 | 378#36 of 50 | -94-25% | 328 | WA |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +461 (+30%) · US 1,535 | 1,975#46 of 50 | 1,514#29 of 50 | +461+30% | 1,535 | AZ |
| High school graduation rateGap +6.3 pts · US 85.62% | 83.6%#36 of 50 | 77.3%#49 of 50 | +6.3 pts | 85.62% | WA |
| NAEP math score, grade 4Gap +5 · US 237 | 238#26 of 50 | 232#45 of 50 | +5 | 237 | Even |
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap +4 · US 273 | 274#25 of 50 | 270#33 of 50 | +4 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 4Gap +8 · US 214 | 216#19 of 50 | 208#45 of 50 | +8 | 214 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap +5 · US 257 | 259#17 of 50 | 254#39 of 50 | +5 | 257 | Even |
| Life expectancyGap +1.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 78.4#13 of 50 | 76.7#30 of 50 | +1.7 yrs | 76.9 | WA |
| Adults with obesityGap -1.8 pts · US 34.03% | 31.5%#13 of 50 | 33.3%#21 of 50 | -1.8 pts | 34.03% | WA |
| Residents without health insuranceGap -3.8 pts · US 7.6% | 6.5%#19 of 50 | 10.3%#44 of 50 | -3.8 pts | 7.6% | WA |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap +$173,889 (+42%) · US $368,697 | $591,879#47 of 50 | $417,990#34 of 50 | +$173,889+42% | $368,697 | AZ |
| Home value change, one yearGap +0.8 pts · US +1.2% | -0.3%#43 of 50 | -1.1%#46 of 50 | +0.8 pts | +1.2% | WA |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap +$556 (+32%) · US $1,948 | $2,278#41 of 50 | $1,722#25 of 50 | +$556+32% | $1,948 | AZ |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap +$51,500 (+49%) · US $100,006 | $155,542#46 of 50 | $104,042#30 of 50 | +$51,500+49% | $100,006 | AZ |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap +6.3 pts (+6%) · US 100 | 107#46 of 50 | 100.7#35 of 50 | +6.3 pts+6% | 100 | AZ |
| Home value to income ratioGap +0.9x (+18%) · US 4.6x | 6x#44 of 50 | 5.1x#35 of 50 | +0.9x+18% | 4.6x | AZ |
| Residential electricity priceGap -2.21¢ (-14%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 13.11¢/kWh#8 of 50 | 15.32¢/kWh#25 of 50 | -2.21¢-14% | 17.84¢/kWh | WA |
| Residential natural gas priceGap -$0.96 (-5%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $17.62/Mcf#38 of 50 | $18.58/Mcf#40 of 50 | -$0.96-5% | $15.83/Mcf | WA |
| Gasoline priceGap +$0.27 (+7%) · US $3.32/gal | $4.07/gal#47 of 50 | $3.80/gal#44 of 50 | +$0.27+7% | $3.32/gal | AZ |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap +9 pts (+9%) · US 100 | 104.4#44 of 50 | 95.4#10 of 50 | +9 pts+9% | 100 | AZ |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap +$6,752 (+41%) · US $15,633 | $23,136#47 of 50 | $16,384#30 of 50 | +$6,752+41% | $15,633 | AZ |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap +0.39 pts · US 8.74% | 8.61%#22 of 50 | 8.22%#17 of 50 | +0.39 pts | 8.74% | Even |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap -2.5 pts · US 5.46% | none#4 of 50 | 2.5%#11 of 50 | -2.5 pts | 5.46% | WA |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.32 pts · US 1.02% | 0.88%#27 of 50 | 0.56%#11 of 50 | +0.32 pts | 1.02% | Even |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +0.99 pts · US 6.66% | 9.51%#48 of 50 | 8.52%#40 of 50 | +0.99 pts | 6.66% | AZ |
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap +5 pts · US 92.7 | 95#25 of 50 | 90#35 of 50 | +5 pts | 92.7 | WA |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap -1.7 pts · US 12.39% | 9.8%#27 of 50 | 11.5%#21 of 50 | -1.7 pts | 12.39% | AZ |
| Pension funded ratioGap +10 pts · US 74.3% | 82%#12 of 50 | 72%#30 of 50 | +10 pts | 74.3% | WA |
| State debt per capitaGap +$1,460 (+67%) · US $3,506 | $3,650#36 of 50 | $2,190#14 of 50 | +$1,460+67% | $3,506 | AZ |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -2 pts · US +4.66% | +2.8%#40 of 50 | +4.8%#25 of 50 | -2 pts | +4.66% | AZ |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap -17 pts (-38%) · US 38.8 | 28#4 of 50 | 45#48 of 50 | -17 pts-38% | 38.8 | WA |
| Renewable share of electricityGap +58 pts · US 29.34% | 74%#4 of 50 | 16%#26 of 50 | +58 pts | 29.34% | WA |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap +10.0 (+32%) · US 29.6 | 41.5#41 of 50 | 31.5#30 of 50 | +10.0+32% | 29.6 | AZ |
| Public land shareGap -10.1 pts · US 17.16% | 28.5%#12 of 50 | 38.6%#8 of 50 | -10.1 pts | 17.16% | AZ |
| Mean travel time to workGap +0.8 min · US 25.2 min | 27.2 min#39 of 50 | 26.4 min#31 of 50 | +0.8 min | 25.2 min | Even |
| Commuters using public transitGap +3.1 pts · US 2.29% | 4.2%#7 of 50 | 1.1%#24 of 50 | +3.1 pts | 2.29% | WA |
| Workers working from homeGap +0.1 pts · US 12.28% | 16.4%#3 of 50 | 16.3%#4 of 50 | +0.1 pts | 12.28% | Even |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap +1.4 pts · US 92.67% | 95%#3 of 50 | 93.6%#15 of 50 | +1.4 pts | 92.67% | WA |
| Households moving inIRSGap +509 (0%) · US 78,682 | 122,184#9 of 50 | 121,675#10 of 50 | +5090% | 78,682 | Even |
| Households moving outIRSGap +7,986 (+8%) · US 78,715 | 112,345#40 of 50 | 104,359#38 of 50 | +7,986+8% | 78,715 | AZ |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -7,477 · US -33 | +9,839#9 of 50 | +17,316#6 of 50 | -7,477 | -33 | AZ |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap -1.1 · US +0.4 | +1.2#18 of 50 | +2.3#10 of 50 | -1.1 | +0.4 | AZ |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap +$2,393 (+3%) · US $77,690 | $89,890#8 of 50 | $87,497#11 of 50 | +$2,393+3% | $77,690 | Even |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap +$24,529 (+32%) · US $77,024 | $100,122#7 of 50 | $75,593#21 of 50 | +$24,529+32% | $77,024 | WA |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap -2.9 · US +1.1 | +1.2#24 of 50 | +4.1#12 of 50 | -2.9 | +1.1 | AZ |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap -$28,320 · US -$11,758 | -$47,893#47 of 50 | -$19,573#29 of 50 | -$28,320 | -$11,758 | AZ |
| Left after costs, single adultearning $75K a yearGap -$7,625 · US +$31,418 | +$22,132#44 of 50 | +$29,757#30 of 50 | -$7,625 | +$31,418 | AZ |
| Left after costs, retiree coupleearning $75K a yearGap -$9,760 · US +$35,970 | +$23,667#45 of 50 | +$33,427#29 of 50 | -$9,760 | +$35,970 | AZ |
Every metric in the registry, direction-aware: ahead means better for a resident. Ranks are among the states with data. Sources are listed at the foot of the page.
Key takeaways
What the Washington and Arizona numbers say when read together.
Washington ranks higher overall
Washington leads 7 of the 11 categories to Arizona's 2, with 2 even; Arizona is ahead on affordability and growth. Across all 51 measures with data on both sides, Washington is ahead on 18 and Arizona on 21.
Arizona is cheaper day to day
Arizona's cost of living index is 100.7 against 107 in Washington (US = 100). The typical home costs $591,879 in Washington and $417,990 in Arizona. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$47,893 a year after typical costs in Washington and -$19,573 in Arizona.
Tax burdens are close
Washington collects 8.61% of income in state and local taxes (no income tax, high sales tax, with property tax in the middle of the pack); Arizona collects 8.22% (low income tax, low property tax, high sales tax).
Washington pays more and is safer
Median household income is $99,389 in Washington and $81,486 in Arizona, with unemployment at 4.7% and 4.3%. Violent crime runs 284 per 100,000 residents in Washington and 378 in Arizona.
People move to Arizona on net
17,601 people moved to Arizona from Washington in the latest Census release, against 8,638 going the other way.
Washington fits families and retirees better
For families, Washington ranks #32 of 50 and Arizona #45; for retirees, Washington ranks #17 and Arizona #37.
Washington vs Arizona: frequently asked questions
Is Washington or Arizona better to live in?
Washington ranks #20 of 50 overall and Arizona #38 as of the latest release. Arizona is cheaper to live in (cost of living index 100.7 vs 107), collects a similar share of income in taxes, and has a 25% higher violent crime rate. Washington scores higher overall, leading 7 of 11 categories to 2.
Is Washington cheaper than Arizona?
Arizona is cheaper than Washington: cost of living index 100.7 vs 107 (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 would have -$47,893 left after typical housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes in Washington, and -$19,573 in Arizona. The typical home value is $591,879 in Washington and $417,990 in Arizona.
Which has lower taxes, Washington or Arizona?
Washington and Arizona have similar tax burdens: 8.61% vs 8.22% of income in state and local taxes. Washington's top income tax rate is zero, its effective property tax rate 0.88% and its combined sales tax 9.51%; Arizona's are 2.5%, 0.56% and 8.52%.
Is Washington safer than Arizona?
Washington is safer: 284 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 378 in Arizona, per the FBI. Washington ranks #25 of 50 for violent crime and Arizona #36. Property crime is 1,975 per 100,000 in Washington and 1,514 in Arizona. The safest tracked cities are Kirkland, WA, and Marana, AZ.
Are homes more expensive in Washington or Arizona?
Homes are 42% more expensive in Washington: the typical home value is $591,879 in Washington and $417,990 in Arizona. Buying the typical home takes about $155,542 of household income in Washington and $104,042 in Arizona, against median incomes of $99,389 and $81,486.
Do people earn more in Washington or Arizona?
Washington pays more: median household income is $99,389 vs $81,486 in Arizona, per the Census Bureau. Unemployment is 4.7% in Washington and 4.3% in Arizona. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, Washington's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 20 after adjusting for local costs and Arizona's in 0.
Are more people moving from Washington to Arizona or from Arizona to Washington?
8,011 households moved from Washington to Arizona and 5,803 moved from Arizona to Washington in the latest IRS release, a net gain of 2,208 households for Arizona. Movers to Arizona reported an average income of $112,245; movers to Washington reported $88,640. The Census Bureau's American Community Survey, counting people, shows 17,601 people (±3,256) moving from Washington to Arizona and 8,638 (±2,604) the other way, a net gain of about 8,963 people for Arizona beyond the margin of error.
Which is better for retirees, Washington or Arizona?
Washington is the better fit for retirees: #17 of 50 on the retiree index vs #37 for Arizona. Washington has no income tax, high sales tax, with property tax in the middle of the pack; Arizona has low income tax, low property tax, high sales tax. A retiree couple on $75,000 would have +$23,667 left after typical costs in Washington and +$33,427 in Arizona.
Which is better for families, Washington or Arizona?
Washington is the better fit for families: #32 of 50 on the families index vs #45 for Arizona. Center-based infant care costs $23,136 a year in Washington and $16,384 in Arizona. High school graduation rates are 83.6% and 77.3%. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$47,893 after typical costs in Washington and -$19,573 in Arizona.
Is Arizona better than Washington?
No: Washington ranks higher than Arizona overall, #20 of 50 vs #38, with a composite score of 61.8 to 47.8. Washington leads 7 of 11 categories and Arizona leads 2, including affordability and growth. Which is better for you depends on how you weigh cost, safety, schools, taxes and pay.
Compare a different pair
Swap either state, or jump to the matchups people open alongside Washington vs Arizona.
Why this pair is featured: major moving corridor, most-searched matchup (8,011 households moved in the busier direction in the latest IRS release).