Michigan vs Virginia: Which Is Better to Live In?
Michigan ranks #45 of 50 overall and Virginia #15 as of the latest release. Michigan is cheaper to live in (cost of living index 96.2 vs 101.1), has a 0.6-point lower tax burden, and has a 51% higher violent crime rate. Virginia scores higher overall, leading 7 of 11 categories to 1.
- Violent crime rate is 51% lower in Virginia (206 vs. 416 in Michigan).
- Typical rent, largest metro is 37% lower in Michigan ($1,524 vs. $2,433 in Virginia).
- Typical home value is 36% lower in Michigan ($266,292 vs. $414,662 in Virginia).
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall scorecomposite of 100, rank of 50Gap -25 pts | 42.7#45 of 50 · D | 67.7#15 of 50 · B+ | -25 pts | — | VA |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap -4.9 pts (-5%) · US 100 | 96.2#24 of 50 | 101.1#36 of 50 | -4.9 pts-5% | 100 | MI |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap +$16,316 · US -$11,758 | -$5,634#17 of 50 | -$21,950#34 of 50 | +$16,316 | -$11,758 | MI |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap -$148,370 (-36%) · US $368,697 | $266,292#12 of 50 | $414,662#32 of 50 | -$148,370-36% | $368,697 | MI |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap -0.61 pts · US 8.74% | 8.25%#18 of 50 | 8.86%#28 of 50 | -0.61 pts | 8.74% | MI |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +210 (+102%) · US 328 | 416#40 of 50 | 206#8 of 50 | +210+102% | 328 | VA |
| Median household incomeGap -$19,701 (-21%) · US $80,903 | $72,389#37 of 50 | $92,090#12 of 50 | -$19,701-21% | $80,903 | VA |
| High school graduation rateGap -8.1 pts · US 85.62% | 81%#45 of 50 | 89.1%#9 of 50 | -8.1 pts | 85.62% | VA |
| Life expectancyGap -0.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 76.8#29 of 50 | 77.5#22 of 50 | -0.7 yrs | 76.9 | VA |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -9,191 · US -33 | -8,770#42 of 50 | +421#25 of 50 | -9,191 | -33 | VA |
Cost of living index from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (US = 100). Left after costs from the America's Dashboard affordability engine for a family of four earning $75,000. Typical home value from Zillow Research. Tax burden from WalletHub. Violent crime from the FBI, per 100,000 residents. Income and graduation from the Census Bureau and NCES. Life expectancy from the CDC. Net households from IRS Statistics of Income. US column is the 50-state average or median.
Is Michigan or Virginia better to live in?
Virginia scores higher overall: 67.7 to 42.7 out of 100, #15 of 50 against #45. Michigan leads 1 of 11 categories, Virginia leads 7, and 3 are within 3 points.
| Category | Weight | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | Gap | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economy15% of scoregap -42.7 | 15% | 21.9#50 · F | 64.6#7 · A | -42.7 pts | VA |
| Safety12% of scoregap -15.4 | 12% | 63.9#31 · C+ | 79.3#13 · B+ | -15.4 pts | VA |
| Health12% of scoregap -6 | 12% | 55.4#27 · C+ | 61.4#17 · B+ | -6 pts | VA |
| Education12% of scoregap -23.2 | 12% | 42.2#44 · D | 65.4#14 · B+ | -23.2 pts | VA |
| Affordability10% of scoregap +12.8 | 10% | 73.3#22 · B | 60.5#34 · C+ | +12.8 pts | MI |
| Fiscal Health8% of scoregap -6.6 | 8% | 56.2#32 · C+ | 62.8#20 · B | -6.6 pts | VA |
| Growth7% of scoregap -20.8 | 7% | 24.3#41 · C | 45.1#19 · B | -20.8 pts | VA |
| Transportation7% of scoregap +1.6 | 7% | 49.4#27 · C+ | 47.8#29 · C+ | +1.6 pts | Even |
| Livability7% of scoregap -2.6 | 7% | 24.7#41 · C | 27.3#35 · C | -2.6 pts | Even |
| Outdoor Access6% of scoregap -2.3 | 6% | 17.8#32 · C+ | 20.1#30 · C+ | -2.3 pts | Even |
| Environment4% of scoregap -6 | 4% | 42.0#23 · B | 48.0#15 · B+ | -6 pts | VA |
Scores run 0 to 100 within each category; weight is the category's share of the composite. Grades follow rank (1–5 A+, 6–10 A, 11–18 B+, 19–26 B, 27–34 C+, 35–42 C, 43–48 D, 49–50 F). Methodology →
Is Michigan cheaper than Virginia?
Michigan is cheaper: cost of living index 96.2 vs 101.1 in Virginia (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 keeps $16,316 more a year in Michigan after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap -4.9 pts (-5%) · US 100 | 96.2#24 of 50 | 101.1#36 of 50 | -4.9 pts-5% | 100 | MI |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap -4.4 pts (-4%) · US 100 | 96#16 of 50 | 100.4#40 of 50 | -4.4 pts-4% | 100 | MI |
| Residential electricity priceGap +4.73¢ (+31%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 20.01¢/kWh#39 of 50 | 15.28¢/kWh#24 of 50 | +4.73¢+31% | 17.84¢/kWh | VA |
| Residential natural gas priceGap -$5.87 (-35%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $10.92/Mcf#9 of 50 | $16.79/Mcf#32 of 50 | -$5.87-35% | $15.83/Mcf | MI |
| Gasoline priceGap +$0.01 (0%) · US $3.32/gal | $3.10/gal#16 of 50 | $3.09/gal#14 of 50 | +$0.010% | $3.32/gal | Even |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap -$3,200 (-19%) · US $15,633 | $14,064#21 of 50 | $17,264#33 of 50 | -$3,200-19% | $15,633 | MI |
Cost of living index and the price level for goods from the Bureau of Economic Analysis regional price parities (US = 100). Electricity, natural gas and gasoline prices from the EIA; center-based infant care from Child Care Aware of America. Lower is ahead.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single Adultearning $75,000Gap +$6,025 | +$34,427costs $40,573 | +$28,402costs $46,598 | +$6,025 | MI |
| Couple, No Kidsearning $75,000Gap +$7,614 | +$26,692costs $48,308 | +$19,078costs $55,922 | +$7,614 | MI |
| Family of 4earning $75,000Gap +$16,316 | -$5,634costs $80,634 | -$21,950costs $96,950 | +$16,316 | MI |
| Retiree Coupleearning $75,000Gap +$6,744 | +$39,007costs $35,994 | +$32,263costs $42,737 | +$6,744 | MI |
Income left after housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and state and local taxes for four household types earning $75,000, from the affordability engine. Negative means typical costs exceed take-home pay.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HousingGap -$8,560 | $19,753 | $28,313 | -$8,560 | MI |
| ChildcareGap -$6,400 | $28,128 | $34,528 | -$6,400 | MI |
| UtilitiesGap -$235 | $4,618 | $4,853 | -$235 | Even |
| GroceriesGap -$496 | $10,812 | $11,308 | -$496 | Even |
| TransportationGap +$32 | $9,743 | $9,711 | +$32 | Even |
| State and local taxesGap -$657 | $7,580 | $8,237 | -$657 | MI |
Annual cost lines for a family of four (two adults, two children). Lower is ahead.
Which has lower taxes, Michigan or Virginia?
Michigan collects a smaller share of income in state and local taxes: 8.25% vs 8.86%. Michigan has low sales tax, with income and property taxes in the middle of the pack; Virginia has low sales tax, with income and property taxes in the middle of the pack.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap -0.61 pts · US 8.74% | 8.25%#18 of 50 | 8.86%#28 of 50 | -0.61 pts | 8.74% | MI |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap +0.9 pts · US 5.46% | 6.65%#36 of 50 | 5.75%#29 of 50 | +0.9 pts | 5.46% | VA |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.59 pts · US 1.02% | 1.35%#37 of 50 | 0.76%#18 of 50 | +0.59 pts | 1.02% | VA |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +0.23 pts · US 6.66% | 6%#13 of 50 | 5.77%#10 of 50 | +0.23 pts | 6.66% | Even |
Total tax burden (state and local taxes as a share of personal income) from WalletHub; top marginal income tax rate, effective property tax rate and combined state and local sales tax from the Tax Foundation. Lower is ahead.
Are homes more expensive in Michigan or Virginia?
Homes cost 56% more in Virginia: a typical home value of $266,292 in Michigan vs $414,662 in Virginia. Buying the typical home takes about $73,945 of income in Michigan and $109,920 in Virginia; the median household earns $72,389 and $92,090.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap -$148,370 (-36%) · US $368,697 | $266,292#12 of 50 | $414,662#32 of 50 | -$148,370-36% | $368,697 | MI |
| Home value change, one yearGap +1.8 pts · US +1.2% | +4%#7 of 50 | +2.2%#25 of 50 | +1.8 pts | +1.2% | MI |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap -$909 (-37%) · US $1,948 | $1,524#16 of 50 | $2,433#44 of 50 | -$909-37% | $1,948 | MI |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap -$35,975 (-33%) · US $100,006 | $73,945#12 of 50 | $109,920#32 of 50 | -$35,975-33% | $100,006 | MI |
| Home value to income ratioGap -0.8x (-18%) · US 4.6x | 3.7x#15 of 50 | 4.5x#26 of 50 | -0.8x-18% | 4.6x | MI |
Typical home value, one-year change, largest-metro rent and income needed to buy from Zillow Research (a modeled estimate, not a median). Price-to-income ratio divides that typical home value by ACS median household income. Lower is ahead.
| MI | VA | |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly payment, 20% down | $1,370 | $2,133 |
| Income needed vs. median | +2% | +19% |
| Five-year change | +24.1% | +23.4% |
| Market temperature | Cool | Cool |
| Largest metro | Detroit | Washington |
Income needed vs. median: how far the income required to buy the typical home sits above (+) or below (−) the state's median household income. Temperature blends price cuts, days to pending and inventory against the national market (Zillow).
Do people earn more in Michigan or Virginia?
Virginia pays more: median household income $92,090 vs $72,389, with unemployment at 5.2% in Michigan and 3.4% in Virginia. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, Michigan's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 0 after adjusting for local costs and Virginia's in 18.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household incomeGap -$19,701 (-21%) · US $80,903 | $72,389#37 of 50 | $92,090#12 of 50 | -$19,701-21% | $80,903 | VA |
| Unemployment rateGap +1.8 pts · US 3.95% | 5.2%#48 of 50 | 3.4%#12 of 50 | +1.8 pts | 3.95% | VA |
| GDP per capitaGap -$11,114 (-17%) · US $64,333 | $55,326#40 of 50 | $66,440#18 of 50 | -$11,114-17% | $64,333 | VA |
| Real GDP growthGap -0.5 pts · US +1.91% | +1.8%#30 of 50 | +2.3%#17 of 50 | -0.5 pts | +1.91% | Even |
| Population growthGap -0.41 pts · US +0.51% | +0.28%#35 of 50 | +0.69%#15 of 50 | -0.41 pts | +0.51% | Even |
Median household income from the Census Bureau ACS; unemployment from BLS LAUS; GDP per capita and real GDP growth from the BEA; population growth from Census Bureau estimates.
Show all 20 occupations
| Occupation | MI | VA | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lawyers | $152,435$143,289 in Detroit | $176,216$177,978 in Washington | VA |
| Software Developers | $143,840$135,210 in Detroit | $161,842$163,460 in Washington | VA |
| Family Medicine Physicians | $248,727$233,803 in Detroit | $266,202$268,864 in Washington | VA |
| Registered Nurses | $89,989$84,590 in Detroit | $106,604$107,670 in Washington | VA |
| General & Operations Managers | $107,373$100,931 in Detroit | $123,302$124,535 in Washington | VA |
| Civil Engineers | $107,310$100,871 in Detroit | $120,117$121,318 in Washington | VA |
| Computer Systems Analysts | $113,783$106,956 in Detroit | $126,383$127,647 in Washington | VA |
| Dietitians & Nutritionists | $73,448$69,041 in Detroit | $85,049$85,899 in Washington | VA |
| HVAC Mechanics & Installers | $61,151$57,482 in Detroit | $71,708$72,425 in Washington | VA |
| Accountants & Auditors | $82,872$77,900 in Detroit | $93,203$94,135 in Washington | VA |
| Police & Sheriff's Patrol Officers | $82,057$77,134 in Detroit | $89,450$90,344 in Washington | VA |
| Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN) | $59,364$55,802 in Detroit | $66,364$67,028 in Washington | VA |
| Electricians | $68,769$64,643 in Detroit | $74,257$75,000 in Washington | VA |
| Cooks, Restaurant | $35,851$33,700 in Detroit | $40,719$41,126 in Washington | VA |
| Heavy & Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers | $60,091$56,486 in Detroit | $64,899$65,548 in Washington | VA |
| Welders, Cutters & Brazers | $51,641$48,543 in Detroit | $56,071$56,632 in Washington | VA |
| Sales Representatives (Wholesale/Manufacturing) | $73,498$69,088 in Detroit | $77,225$77,997 in Washington | VA |
| Secondary School Teachers | $73,631$69,213 in Detroit | $77,137$77,908 in Washington | VA |
| Mental Health Counselors | $60,529$56,897 in Detroit | $62,077$62,698 in Washington | Even |
| Construction Laborers | $48,624$45,707 in Detroit | $49,981$50,481 in Washington | Even |
BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, latest release: the median wage in each state's best-paying metro, adjusted for that metro's cost of living (BEA regional price parities). Sorted by the size of the gap.
Is Michigan safer than Virginia?
Virginia is safer: 206 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 416 in Michigan (FBI). Property crime runs 1,259 and 1,354 per 100,000.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +210 (+102%) · US 328 | 416#40 of 50 | 206#8 of 50 | +210+102% | 328 | VA |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap -95 (-7%) · US 1,535 | 1,259#13 of 50 | 1,354#18 of 50 | -95-7% | 1,535 | MI |
FBI state crime estimates, offenses per 100,000 residents, latest release. Florida and North Dakota use the FBI's prior-year estimate because the latest year is based on limited data. Lower is ahead.
- Rochester Hills, MI62 violent per 100K
- Virginia Beach, VA100 violent per 100K
Among each state's 20 tracked cities, latest FBI release.
Which has better schools and health, Michigan or Virginia?
Virginia scores higher for education (#14 of 50 vs #44), with high school graduation rates of 81% and 89.1%. Virginia scores higher for health (#17 vs #27); life expectancy is 76.8 years in Michigan and 77.5 in Virginia.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap -5 · US 273 | 270#31 of 50 | 275#22 of 50 | -5 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap -1 · US 257 | 255#33 of 50 | 256#29 of 50 | -1 | 257 | Even |
| High school graduation rateGap -8.1 pts · US 85.62% | 81%#45 of 50 | 89.1%#9 of 50 | -8.1 pts | 85.62% | VA |
| Life expectancyGap -0.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 76.8#29 of 50 | 77.5#22 of 50 | -0.7 yrs | 76.9 | VA |
| Adults with obesityGap +3.8 pts · US 34.03% | 36.1%#33 of 50 | 32.3%#16 of 50 | +3.8 pts | 34.03% | VA |
| Residents without health insuranceGap -1.8 pts · US 7.6% | 5.1%#8 of 50 | 6.9%#22 of 50 | -1.8 pts | 7.6% | MI |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap +3 pts (+8%) · US 38.8 | 40#27 of 50 | 37#18 of 50 | +3 pts+8% | 38.8 | VA |
High school graduation rate from NCES; life expectancy from the CDC National Center for Health Statistics; median air quality index from EPA AirData (lower is cleaner).
- Farmington Hills, MIeducation score 94.2
- Leesburg, VAeducation score 95
City education scores blend graduation rate, student-teacher ratio and per-pupil spending (NCES). State education scores combine NAEP math and reading with the graduation rate; health scores combine life expectancy, adult obesity and the uninsured rate. Education: Michigan #44, Virginia #14. Health: Michigan #27, Virginia #17.
Are more people moving from Michigan to Virginia, or from Virginia to Michigan?
The Census Bureau's American Community Survey counts 3,563 people (±1,454) moving from Michigan to Virginia and 2,274 (±716) the other way, a gap inside the margin of error, so the flows are roughly balanced.
Bars show people (Census ACS, latest release, with 90% margins of error). IRS counts tax-filing households and reports the movers' average income; pairs outside a state's top ten origins and destinations are not published.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Households moving inIRSGap -63,809 (-47%) | 71,800#20 of 50 | 135,609#7 of 50 | -63,809-47% | VA |
| Households moving outIRSGap -54,618 (-40%) | 80,570#33 of 50 | 135,188#44 of 50 | -54,618-40% | MI |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -9,191 | -8,770#42 of 50 | +421#25 of 50 | -9,191 | VA |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap -0.9 | -0.9#38 of 50 | 0.0#26 of 50 | -0.9 | VA |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap -$8,182 (-10%) | $74,145#30 of 50 | $82,327#17 of 50 | -$8,182-10% | VA |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap -$11,385 (-13%) | $77,943#18 of 50 | $89,328#9 of 50 | -$11,385-13% | VA |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap -0.5 | +0.2#31 of 50 | +0.7#28 of 50 | -0.5 | VA |
Each state's total inbound and outbound households and the movers' average income from IRS Statistics of Income; net domestic migration per 1,000 residents from Census Bureau population estimates. Latest releases.
Which is better for retirees, families or remote workers, Michigan or Virginia?
Virginia is the better fit for families, retirees, remote workers, young professionals, small business, and outdoor enthusiasts. Each index re-weights the same 11 category scores for one kind of household.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FamiliesGap +24 places | #41score 53.5 | #17score 72.9 | +24 places | VA |
| RetireesGap +15 places | #30score 59.7 | #15score 68.4 | +15 places | VA |
| Remote WorkersGap +27 places | #43score 41.5 | #16score 58.3 | +27 places | VA |
| Young ProfessionalsGap +34 places | #47score 37.5 | #13score 63.4 | +34 places | VA |
| Small BusinessGap +33 places | #45score 36.9 | #12score 68 | +33 places | VA |
| Outdoor EnthusiastsGap +9 places | #32score 36.1 | #23score 48 | +9 places | VA |
Rank of 50 on each lifestyle index. A state is called ahead when the ranks are at least 4 places apart.
- FamiliesVirginia (#17 vs #41)
- RetireesVirginia (#15 vs #30)
- Remote WorkersVirginia (#16 vs #43)
- Young ProfessionalsVirginia (#13 vs #47)
- Small BusinessVirginia (#12 vs #45)
- Outdoor EnthusiastsVirginia (#23 vs #32)
Which cities stand out in Michigan and Virginia?
Michigan has 24 tracked cities and Virginia has 20; the largest are Detroit and Virginia Beach. The table picks the best city in each state for one purpose at a time.
| Best for | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA |
|---|---|---|
| Largest citypopulation | Detroit638,530 people | Virginia Beach456,349 people |
| Highest composite scorecomposite score | Troyscore 69.5 | Restonscore 75.8 |
| Safest cityviolent crime per 100,000 | Rochester Hills62 violent per 100K | Virginia Beach100 violent per 100K |
| Cheapest citycost of living index | Battle Creekcost index 90.5 | Lynchburgcost index 89.4 |
| Most walkableEPA walkability index, 1 to 20 | Ann Arborwalkability 13.5 of 20 | Harrisonburgwalkability 14.9 of 20 |
| Cleanest airmedian air quality index, county | Lansingcounty median AQI 38 | Lynchburgcounty median AQI 30 |
| Best schoolsgraduation rate, % | Farmington Hills94.2% graduation rate | Leesburg95% graduation rate |
| Richest citymedian household income | Rochester Hillsmedian income $120,694 | McLeanmedian income $250,001 |
| Fastest growingpopulation growth, % | Grand Rapids+0.9% growth | Suffolk+1.6% growth |
Among the 20 tracked cities in each state. Census ACS, FBI, NCES and BEA data, latest releases.
How do Michigan and Virginia compare on everything else?
State finances, environment, and getting around. Michigan carries AA credit rating and Virginia AAA.
Show fiscal, environment and commuting tables
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Renewable share of electricityGap +3 pts · US 29.34% | 13%#33 of 50 | 10%#38 of 50 | +3 pts | 29.34% | MI |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap +5.0 (+91%) · US 29.6 | 10.5#7 of 50 | 5.5#5 of 50 | +5.0+91% | 29.6 | VA |
| Public land shareGap +2.9 pts · US 17.16% | 13.4%#18 of 50 | 10.5%#21 of 50 | +2.9 pts | 17.16% | MI |
| Mean travel time to workGap -4 min · US 25.2 min | 24.3 min#20 of 50 | 28.3 min#42 of 50 | -4 min | 25.2 min | MI |
| Commuters using public transitGap -2 pts · US 2.29% | 1%#28 of 50 | 3%#11 of 50 | -2 pts | 2.29% | VA |
| Workers working from homeGap -4.6 pts · US 12.28% | 11.2%#33 of 50 | 15.8%#7 of 50 | -4.6 pts | 12.28% | VA |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap 0 pts · US 92.67% | 92.8%#27 of 50 | 92.8%#26 of 50 | 0 pts | 92.67% | Even |
Renewable share of electricity from the EIA; natural disaster risk from FEMA's National Risk Index; public land share from USGS PAD-US; mean travel time to work, transit and work-from-home shares from the Census Bureau ACS; households with a broadband subscription from the Census Bureau ACS.
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap -10 pts · US 92.7 | 90#39 of 50 | 100#7 of 50 | -10 pts | 92.7 | VA |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap +4.6 pts · US 12.39% | 13.5%#13 of 50 | 8.9%#31 of 50 | +4.6 pts | 12.39% | MI |
| Pension funded ratioGap -12 pts · US 74.3% | 68%#35 of 50 | 80%#15 of 50 | -12 pts | 74.3% | VA |
| State debt per capitaGap +$350 (+12%) · US $3,506 | $3,180#31 of 50 | $2,830#24 of 50 | +$350+12% | $3,506 | VA |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -0.2 pts · US +4.66% | +4.3%#29 of 50 | +4.5%#27 of 50 | -0.2 pts | +4.66% | Even |
Credit rating index (S&P / Moody's; Michigan AA, Virginia AAA), rainy-day fund and budget balance as a share of spending (Pew, NASBO), pension funded ratio (Pew) and state debt per capita (Census Bureau).
Michigan vs Virginia: every metric side by side
Every measure behind the category scores, with each state's rank of 50 and the US figure. Michigan is ahead on 19 of 51, Virginia on 22, and 10 are even.
Show all 54 metrics
| Measure | MichiganMI | VirginiaVA | GapMI−VA | US | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PopulationGap +1,247,777 (+14%) · US 6.8 million | 10.1 million#10 of 50 | 8.9 million#12 of 50 | +1,247,777+14% | 6.8 million | MI |
| Median household incomeGap -$19,701 (-21%) · US $80,903 | $72,389#37 of 50 | $92,090#12 of 50 | -$19,701-21% | $80,903 | VA |
| Unemployment rateGap +1.8 pts · US 3.95% | 5.2%#48 of 50 | 3.4%#12 of 50 | +1.8 pts | 3.95% | VA |
| Population growthGap -0.41 pts · US +0.51% | +0.28%#35 of 50 | +0.69%#15 of 50 | -0.41 pts | +0.51% | Even |
| GDP per capitaGap -$11,114 (-17%) · US $64,333 | $55,326#40 of 50 | $66,440#18 of 50 | -$11,114-17% | $64,333 | VA |
| Real GDP growthGap -0.5 pts · US +1.91% | +1.8%#30 of 50 | +2.3%#17 of 50 | -0.5 pts | +1.91% | Even |
| Violent crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap +210 (+102%) · US 328 | 416#40 of 50 | 206#8 of 50 | +210+102% | 328 | VA |
| Property crime per 100,000per 100,000 residentsGap -95 (-7%) · US 1,535 | 1,259#13 of 50 | 1,354#18 of 50 | -95-7% | 1,535 | MI |
| High school graduation rateGap -8.1 pts · US 85.62% | 81%#45 of 50 | 89.1%#9 of 50 | -8.1 pts | 85.62% | VA |
| NAEP math score, grade 4Gap -3 · US 237 | 235#34 of 50 | 238#24 of 50 | -3 | 237 | Even |
| NAEP math score, grade 8Gap -5 · US 273 | 270#31 of 50 | 275#22 of 50 | -5 | 273 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 4Gap -5 · US 214 | 209#44 of 50 | 214#31 of 50 | -5 | 214 | Even |
| NAEP reading score, grade 8Gap -1 · US 257 | 255#33 of 50 | 256#29 of 50 | -1 | 257 | Even |
| Life expectancyGap -0.7 yrs · US 76.9 | 76.8#29 of 50 | 77.5#22 of 50 | -0.7 yrs | 76.9 | VA |
| Adults with obesityGap +3.8 pts · US 34.03% | 36.1%#33 of 50 | 32.3%#16 of 50 | +3.8 pts | 34.03% | VA |
| Residents without health insuranceGap -1.8 pts · US 7.6% | 5.1%#8 of 50 | 6.9%#22 of 50 | -1.8 pts | 7.6% | MI |
| Typical home valuetypical home, modeled estimateGap -$148,370 (-36%) · US $368,697 | $266,292#12 of 50 | $414,662#32 of 50 | -$148,370-36% | $368,697 | MI |
| Home value change, one yearGap +1.8 pts · US +1.2% | +4%#7 of 50 | +2.2%#25 of 50 | +1.8 pts | +1.2% | MI |
| Typical rent, largest metrolargest metro, per monthGap -$909 (-37%) · US $1,948 | $1,524#16 of 50 | $2,433#44 of 50 | -$909-37% | $1,948 | MI |
| Income needed to buyto buy the typical homeGap -$35,975 (-33%) · US $100,006 | $73,945#12 of 50 | $109,920#32 of 50 | -$35,975-33% | $100,006 | MI |
| Cost of living indexUS = 100Gap -4.9 pts (-5%) · US 100 | 96.2#24 of 50 | 101.1#36 of 50 | -4.9 pts-5% | 100 | MI |
| Home value to income ratioGap -0.8x (-18%) · US 4.6x | 3.7x#15 of 50 | 4.5x#26 of 50 | -0.8x-18% | 4.6x | MI |
| Residential electricity priceGap +4.73¢ (+31%) · US 17.84¢/kWh | 20.01¢/kWh#39 of 50 | 15.28¢/kWh#24 of 50 | +4.73¢+31% | 17.84¢/kWh | VA |
| Residential natural gas priceGap -$5.87 (-35%) · US $15.83/Mcf | $10.92/Mcf#9 of 50 | $16.79/Mcf#32 of 50 | -$5.87-35% | $15.83/Mcf | MI |
| Gasoline priceGap +$0.01 (0%) · US $3.32/gal | $3.10/gal#16 of 50 | $3.09/gal#14 of 50 | +$0.010% | $3.32/gal | Even |
| Price level for goodsUS = 100Gap -4.4 pts (-4%) · US 100 | 96#16 of 50 | 100.4#40 of 50 | -4.4 pts-4% | 100 | MI |
| Center-based infant care, per yearGap -$3,200 (-19%) · US $15,633 | $14,064#21 of 50 | $17,264#33 of 50 | -$3,200-19% | $15,633 | MI |
| Total state and local tax burdenshare of incomeGap -0.61 pts · US 8.74% | 8.25%#18 of 50 | 8.86%#28 of 50 | -0.61 pts | 8.74% | MI |
| Top state income tax ratetop rateGap +0.9 pts · US 5.46% | 6.65%#36 of 50 | 5.75%#29 of 50 | +0.9 pts | 5.46% | VA |
| Effective property tax rateeffective rateGap +0.59 pts · US 1.02% | 1.35%#37 of 50 | 0.76%#18 of 50 | +0.59 pts | 1.02% | VA |
| Combined state and local sales taxstate + localGap +0.23 pts · US 6.66% | 6%#13 of 50 | 5.77%#10 of 50 | +0.23 pts | 6.66% | Even |
| Credit ratingindex, 100 = AAAGap -10 pts · US 92.7 | 90#39 of 50 | 100#7 of 50 | -10 pts | 92.7 | VA |
| Rainy-day fund, share of spendingGap +4.6 pts · US 12.39% | 13.5%#13 of 50 | 8.9%#31 of 50 | +4.6 pts | 12.39% | MI |
| Pension funded ratioGap -12 pts · US 74.3% | 68%#35 of 50 | 80%#15 of 50 | -12 pts | 74.3% | VA |
| State debt per capitaGap +$350 (+12%) · US $3,506 | $3,180#31 of 50 | $2,830#24 of 50 | +$350+12% | $3,506 | VA |
| Budget balance, share of spendingGap -0.2 pts · US +4.66% | +4.3%#29 of 50 | +4.5%#27 of 50 | -0.2 pts | +4.66% | Even |
| Median air quality indexmedian AQI, lower is cleanerGap +3 pts (+8%) · US 38.8 | 40#27 of 50 | 37#18 of 50 | +3 pts+8% | 38.8 | VA |
| Renewable share of electricityGap +3 pts · US 29.34% | 13%#33 of 50 | 10%#38 of 50 | +3 pts | 29.34% | MI |
| FEMA natural disaster risk indexFEMA index, lower is saferGap +5.0 (+91%) · US 29.6 | 10.5#7 of 50 | 5.5#5 of 50 | +5.0+91% | 29.6 | VA |
| Public land shareGap +2.9 pts · US 17.16% | 13.4%#18 of 50 | 10.5%#21 of 50 | +2.9 pts | 17.16% | MI |
| Mean travel time to workGap -4 min · US 25.2 min | 24.3 min#20 of 50 | 28.3 min#42 of 50 | -4 min | 25.2 min | MI |
| Commuters using public transitGap -2 pts · US 2.29% | 1%#28 of 50 | 3%#11 of 50 | -2 pts | 2.29% | VA |
| Workers working from homeGap -4.6 pts · US 12.28% | 11.2%#33 of 50 | 15.8%#7 of 50 | -4.6 pts | 12.28% | VA |
| Households with a broadband subscriptionGap 0 pts · US 92.67% | 92.8%#27 of 50 | 92.8%#26 of 50 | 0 pts | 92.67% | Even |
| Households moving inIRSGap -63,809 (-47%) · US 78,682 | 71,800#20 of 50 | 135,609#7 of 50 | -63,809-47% | 78,682 | VA |
| Households moving outIRSGap -54,618 (-40%) · US 78,715 | 80,570#33 of 50 | 135,188#44 of 50 | -54,618-40% | 78,715 | MI |
| Net householdsIRS, householdsGap -9,191 · US -33 | -8,770#42 of 50 | +421#25 of 50 | -9,191 | -33 | VA |
| Net households per 1,000 residentsIRS, per 1,000 residentsGap -0.9 · US +0.4 | -0.9#38 of 50 | 0.0#26 of 50 | -0.9 | +0.4 | VA |
| Average income of arriving householdsIRSGap -$8,182 (-10%) · US $77,690 | $74,145#30 of 50 | $82,327#17 of 50 | -$8,182-10% | $77,690 | VA |
| Average income of departing householdsIRSGap -$11,385 (-13%) · US $77,024 | $77,943#18 of 50 | $89,328#9 of 50 | -$11,385-13% | $77,024 | VA |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residentsCensus, per 1,000 residentsGap -0.5 · US +1.1 | +0.2#31 of 50 | +0.7#28 of 50 | -0.5 | +1.1 | VA |
| Left after costs, family of fourearning $75K a yearGap +$16,316 · US -$11,758 | -$5,634#17 of 50 | -$21,950#34 of 50 | +$16,316 | -$11,758 | MI |
| Left after costs, single adultearning $75K a yearGap +$6,025 · US +$31,418 | +$34,427#18 of 50 | +$28,402#33 of 50 | +$6,025 | +$31,418 | MI |
| Left after costs, retiree coupleearning $75K a yearGap +$6,744 · US +$35,970 | +$39,007#19 of 50 | +$32,263#32 of 50 | +$6,744 | +$35,970 | MI |
Every metric in the registry, direction-aware: ahead means better for a resident. Ranks are among the states with data. Sources are listed at the foot of the page.
Key takeaways
What the Michigan and Virginia numbers say when read together.
Virginia ranks higher overall
Virginia leads 7 of the 11 categories to Michigan's 1, with 3 even; Michigan is ahead on affordability. Across all 51 measures with data on both sides, Michigan is ahead on 19 and Virginia on 22.
Michigan is cheaper day to day
Michigan's cost of living index is 96.2 against 101.1 in Virginia (US = 100). The typical home costs $266,292 in Michigan and $414,662 in Virginia. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$5,634 a year after typical costs in Michigan and -$21,950 in Virginia.
Michigan takes a smaller share in taxes
Michigan collects 8.25% of income in state and local taxes (low sales tax, with income and property taxes in the middle of the pack); Virginia collects 8.86% (low sales tax, with income and property taxes in the middle of the pack).
Virginia pays more and is safer
Median household income is $72,389 in Michigan and $92,090 in Virginia, with unemployment at 5.2% and 3.4%. Violent crime runs 416 per 100,000 residents in Michigan and 206 in Virginia.
Moves between the two run about even
3,563 people moved from Michigan to Virginia and 2,274 the other way, a gap inside the survey's margin of error.
Virginia fits families and retirees better
For families, Michigan ranks #41 of 50 and Virginia #17; for retirees, Michigan ranks #30 and Virginia #15.
Michigan vs Virginia: frequently asked questions
Is Michigan or Virginia better to live in?
Michigan ranks #45 of 50 overall and Virginia #15 as of the latest release. Michigan is cheaper to live in (cost of living index 96.2 vs 101.1), has a 0.6-point lower tax burden, and has a 51% higher violent crime rate. Virginia scores higher overall, leading 7 of 11 categories to 1.
Is Michigan cheaper than Virginia?
Michigan is cheaper than Virginia: cost of living index 96.2 vs 101.1 (US = 100). A family of four earning $75,000 would have -$5,634 left after typical housing, childcare, utilities, groceries, transportation and taxes in Michigan, and -$21,950 in Virginia. The typical home value is $266,292 in Michigan and $414,662 in Virginia.
Which has lower taxes, Michigan or Virginia?
Michigan has the lower tax burden: 8.25% of income in state and local taxes vs 8.86% in Virginia. Michigan's top income tax rate is 6.65%, its effective property tax rate 1.35% and its combined sales tax 6%; Virginia's are 5.75%, 0.76% and 5.77%.
Is Michigan safer than Virginia?
Virginia is safer: 206 violent crimes per 100,000 residents vs 416 in Michigan, per the FBI. Michigan ranks #40 of 50 for violent crime and Virginia #8. Property crime is 1,259 per 100,000 in Michigan and 1,354 in Virginia. The safest tracked cities are Rochester Hills, MI, and Virginia Beach, VA.
Are homes more expensive in Michigan or Virginia?
Homes are 56% more expensive in Virginia: the typical home value is $266,292 in Michigan and $414,662 in Virginia. Buying the typical home takes about $73,945 of household income in Michigan and $109,920 in Virginia, against median incomes of $72,389 and $92,090.
Do people earn more in Michigan or Virginia?
Virginia pays more: median household income is $92,090 vs $72,389 in Michigan, per the Census Bureau. Unemployment is 5.2% in Michigan and 3.4% in Virginia. Across 20 occupations with BLS wage data in both states, Michigan's best-paying metro comes out ahead in 0 after adjusting for local costs and Virginia's in 18, with 2 even.
Are more people moving from Michigan to Virginia or from Virginia to Michigan?
The Census Bureau's American Community Survey counts 3,563 people (±1,454) moving from Michigan to Virginia and 2,274 (±716) the other way, a gap inside the margin of error, so the flows are roughly balanced.
Which is better for retirees, Michigan or Virginia?
Virginia is the better fit for retirees: #15 of 50 on the retiree index vs #30 for Michigan. Michigan has low sales tax, with income and property taxes in the middle of the pack; Virginia has low sales tax, with income and property taxes in the middle of the pack. A retiree couple on $75,000 would have +$39,007 left after typical costs in Michigan and +$32,263 in Virginia.
Which is better for families, Michigan or Virginia?
Virginia is the better fit for families: #17 of 50 on the families index vs #41 for Michigan. Center-based infant care costs $14,064 a year in Michigan and $17,264 in Virginia. High school graduation rates are 81% and 89.1%. A family of four on $75,000 keeps -$5,634 after typical costs in Michigan and -$21,950 in Virginia.
Is Virginia better than Michigan?
Yes: Virginia ranks higher than Michigan overall, #15 of 50 vs #45, with a composite score of 67.7 to 42.7. Virginia leads 7 of 11 categories and Michigan leads 1, including affordability. Which is better for you depends on how you weigh cost, safety, schools, taxes and pay.
Compare a different pair
Swap either state, or jump to the matchups people open alongside Michigan vs Virginia.
Why this pair is featured: most-searched matchup.